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RIPTION |
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IRELAND, |
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thereof as |
it is |
at this Present |
In Anno 159S.
NOW FOR THE FIRST TIME PUBL1SHEO
From a Manuscript preserved in Clongowes-Woed College,
Copious $otrs anli Illustrations
IIY
EDMUND HOGAN,
Pries/ of the Society of Jesus
Cuille peapa ap Gipinti 615: Addition of knowledge on holy Erin
Cpiallam cimceall na poola. Let us pass round Ireland,
Sluaipio pip ap puppospa; Let men go by order ;
ap na poiDib a bpuileatn From the lands on which we are
Ma eoijjeaoa cuapruigeam. The provinces let us visit.
Irish Topograph-tcal Poems.
IBublm :
M. H. GILL & SON, 50 Upper Sackville Street.
liontion :
BERNARD QUARITCH, iS Piccadilly
1878.
33rmtrt bp
dublin steam trin ting companv,
94. 95. 96, middle abuisv street,
DUBLIN.
07/
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
General Description of Ireland, i.
Ulster, 2, 246, 295.
Louthe, 3, 260, 296.
Downe, 6, 260, 296.
Antrim, 13, 260, 296.
Armagh, 19, 250, 261, 296.
Monaghan, 23, 262, 296.
Fermanagh, 24, 247, 262, 297.
Tyrone, 25, 249, 262, 297.
Coleraine or Deny, 28, 249, 262, 297.
Dunigal, 29, 248, 262.
Leinster, 35.
Dublin, 35, 263, 298.
Wicklow, 39, 259, 264.
Kildare, 44, 252, 264.
Catherlagh, 50, 253, 265, 298.
Wexford, 55, 256, 265, 298.
Kilkenny, 65, 254, 266.
Queen's County, 73, 267, 325.
King's County, 81, 268.
Countie of Elye, 87.
Meath, 89, 268.
West Meath, 102, 270.
Longford, 113, 270.
Cavan, 117, 246, 271, 300.
Connaught, 122.
Clare, 124, 271.
Gal way, 131, 272, 300.
Mayo, 140, 275, 300.
Sligo, 144, 275.
Leytrim, 147, 276, 300.
Roscommon, 150, 276.
Mounster, 156.
Waterford, 157, 277.
Cork, 167, 278.
Kerry, 187, 282.
Limerick, 196, 283, 300.
Tipperary, 207, 284.
Noblemen, 217, 349.
Bishops, 233.
Havens, 238.
Revenue, 240.
Names of the Council of Ireland, 244.
Appendix, 246.
1 . Chichester's Account of Ulster, 246.
2. Present Known Representatives of
the Families Extant in 1598, 260.
3. Catholic Clergy, 285.
4. Catalogue of Irish Jesuits in 1609.
290.
5. Irish Writers ; Irish Colleges
Abroad, 294.
6. Additional Notes from Camden.
296.
7. Barnaby Riche's Description of
Dublin, 299.
8. Records of Events, Battle of Bel-
lanaboy, &c, 301.
9. Some Original Letters Written this
Year, 339.
10. Parliamentary Lists of 1560, 1585.
and 1613, p. 349.
11. Addenda et Corrigenda, p. 353.
12. Round Towers and Index, p. 357.
PRE FACE
The manuscript book, from which this description of Ireland has been printed, is a royal quarto, bound in vellum, containing ninety-two pages of " The Description of Ireland as it is in hoc anno 1598," and fifty-four pages of" Haynes' Observations on the State of Ireland in 1600" — both specimens of the same exquisite penmanship. It bears on the first page the auto- graph of the celebrated Father Betagh, S. J., after whose death, in 181 1, it passed, with his other MSS,, to his distin- guished pupil, Father Kenny, S. J., by whom it was deposited in Clongowes Wood College in the year 18 14. It is said by competent judges to be about one hundred years old, and it is proved by the Betagh autograph and the Blauw* watermark to have been written between the years 1756 and 181 1.
It is therefore a transcript ; and such it professes to be in the following marginal notesb: — ' These lines from being a note in the margin hath crept into the text ; ' ' cancelled in the Original;' 'In the original the word seemeth to be Omelie, but in my opinion it should be O'Reillie.' ' The original' was compiled in the winter of 1598, as appears from the title and the following- entries : ' O'Rourke hath bene a Rebell savins a little time this last sommer, but he revolted again ; ' ' Sir Thomas of Desmonde's Son latelie made Earle of Desmonde, Capten of the Rebellion in Mounster raised in October last ;' ' Donell Spaniaughe of late sturred up by the Earle of Tyrone ; '
» "The firm of Blauw was established in b The marginal notes of the MS. have, for
1756" — Letter from that Dutch firm, received the sake of appearance, baen inserted, within through the kindness of Heer Nyhoff. brackets, in the text.
VI. PREFACE.
' Sligo Castle was demolished four years ago and since not reedified.'0 These entries, and the references to O'More and Tyrrell in Queen's County, to O'Ferrall, to Westmeath and to the political state of each county, point to the winter of 1598, d while the silence about the death of Sir T. Norreys in June 1599, and of Sir E. Denny in February 1599, seems to indicate that our MS. was written before these dates.6 However, the list of Noblemen appears to have been penned between the year 1603, and 1607 (the year of " The Flight of the Earls); " the list of Bishops between 1605 and 1610; and the list of the Members of the Council between December 1607 and De- cember 1608, as ' Lord Davies ' came to Ireland after October 1, 1608, and Winche came after November 11, 1607, and, on the 8th December, 1608, succeeded Ley as Chief Justice. Again, of the many marginal notes, which correct or supple- ment the text, and which are here inserted in brackets, two were added after Mountjoy's death in April, 1605, one after O'Dogherty's death in July, 1608, and one after 161 7, when Rothe's ' Analecta' was published/
The author was a man of English sympathies, and, no doubt, an Englishman, and an English official ; his initials are, I strongly suspect, those given in the marginal note, at page 31, ' Belleke is now the possession of S. H.';s and his name was.T presume, S. H[aynes], as Haynes is the writer of the second treatise in the book. But since I cannot name the author with certainty, I may be told —
To " pass the foundling by, a work of chance ; Why into noble families advance A nameless issue ? " h
e PF— !49> 181, 63, 147. Fpp. 20, 160. pp.— 22 & 23 were written soon
d See Record of Events of the Year, p. 305, after August, 1C98.
etc., and pp. 7S, 115, 112, 44, 39. % Quaere, is'it S(ir) II(enry Fulliott ?)
•pp. 184, 190. 'Dr. den.
PREFACE. Vll.
Why place this thing of obscure or questionable origin by the side of the authentic Descriptions by Stanihurst, Derricke, Dymmok, Camden, and Riche ? The answer is, that ' the original,' spoken of above, whose existence cannot fairly be doubted, and which may be slumbering in some home or foreign archivium, is a respectable relative, if not the parent, of the best descriptions of Ireland hitherto published, and is superior to all of them. The ' Dobbs MS.' description ot Antrim, written1 circ, 1598; Lord Burghley's copy of Marshall Bagnall's description of Ulster, writtenk in 1586; the Carew MS. description of Ulster, written1 in 1 586 ; and Dymmok's ' Treatise of Ireland,' m written circ. 1600, are all, as far as they go, substantially, and, I may say, verbally the same as the Betagh MS.; while the 'Perambulation of Leinster in 1596,'" and the state papers given in the published Calendars, in the ' Life of MacCarthy Mor,' and in Hardiman's ' Iar-Connacht,' res- pectively corroborate its statements regarding Leinster, Munster and Connaught. These concurrent accounts are enough, I think, to give authority to our MS., which besides, as far as one can judge from an extract on Wexford, printed in the ' Annuary of the Kilkenny Archaeological Society for 1855, ' resembles ' The Description of the Provinces of Ireland, Carew MSS. 635,' which Dymmok is said to have abridged.
Thus the critical and corrective tests of collation, to which it has been subjected, establish and illustrate its genuine cha- racter, and entitle it to the respect shewn to other published descriptions ; moreover it challenges special attention on account
i Published by Dubourdieu in 1S12. m Edited by Rev. R. Butler, A.B. in 1843.
k Published by Hore in 1S54. n Published in the calendar of Carew Mss.
1 Printed as " a very interesting and instruc- ad an. 1596. N.B. The Calendar of Carew
tive survey " in the Calendars of State Papers Mss. (1589 to 1600) is often quoted and its
by Dr. Russell and Mr. Prendergast. title abridged to Car. Cal.
Vlll. PREFACE.
of many particulars, which it alone gives, relating to the chief towns and castles, the chieftains, noblemen, and gentlemen, and the political state of each county. Finding that it was much valued by antiquarians highly qualified to gauge its worth,0 and that it occupied ground, which has been hitherto unappropriated or treated with but scant attention ; and hoping that it would reward, while it invited editorial care, ' I gave the venture ' to edit, supplement, and illustrate it, and to try (though unsuccessfully) to raise it to the dignity of an old-world Topo- graphical Dictionary and primitive Directory of the year 1598 — a hard and humble task, ' a work suerly full of unsavoury toyle . . . which I write, not of vanity to commend my diligence, but of necessity to excuse mine imperfection.'0 The records of the same time and character0- were ransacked, ' which would minister furniture'0 for my notes; the archaic, or rather the perverse and profligate, spelling of the 16th century has been followed in all its freaks ; and the notes are put together according to the method of Hardiman, O'Donovan, and Dr. Reeves, except in the case of Ulster, where the peculiar social condition of that province, and the necessity of collating the ' Dobbs,' Bagnal, and Betagh MSS. made me sacrifice symmetry and reserve the notes for the Appendix. The reader will find mentioned over one hundred epitaphs, wayside crosses, and other souvenirs of those times ; but not much concerning the round towers and the manners and customs of the people, as these things are outside the object of the original work, and the editor is preparing a separate book on the manners and customs of the 16th century, and is too lightly equipped to deal with the towers and such antiquarian matters. On the other hand many may find an
0 Among others, Mr. Gilbert, the author of p Campion's Historie of Ireland,
"the Manuscript Materials of Irish History." i See list of Descriptions of Ireland p. xi.
PREFACE. IX.
interest in the Original Documents, the Parliamentary Lists, the List of the present known representatives of the old families,1" and the full record of the events of 1598, which is given in the very words of the State Papers and other contemporary author- ities.5 From the inspection of this record (p. 315), and of the old map of the escheated county of Armagh, done in 1609, it is clear that O' Donovan, Tucker, and Larcom,' were mistaken with regard to the site of the battle-field of Belanahabuy, and that the trench was two-thirds, or ' two miles ' of the distance from Armagh, and one-third or ' one mile ' from Blackwater Fort. This trench is now a drain crossing the solid ground Ana/ia,n and carrying its water under Bagnall's Bridge ; and beyond it is still the ' scons made on the top of the hill beyond the same,'" and near it there is ' a mayne bogg.'v Moreover, in the map of 1609 — 'ye long trenche of ye forde ' is distinctly sketched, and also the Armagh road, which here branches off to Blackwater Fort and Charlemont.
Having written this much of the history, the author, autho- rity, and merit of our MS., of the method of its editor, and of the site of the battle of Anaha or Bel-Anaha-buy, ' it remaineth that,' with Campion, ' I request my countrymen to bend their good liking to my good will, and to deliver me from all unjust suspicions,' as I have endeavoured to be sternly archaeological, and to handle my documents with an antiquarian temper, or, shall I say, ' with a benevolent neutrality.' I may add, with Camden, that ' if some there are who contemn this study of antiquitie as a back-looking curiosity ... I am not destitute of reasons by
r Compiled from the works of Sir B. Burke, * Annals of the Four Masters, note p. 2060;
Lodge, Archdall, O'Donovan, and others. and the Ordnance Survey, Armagh, in the R.
• The memoirs of O'Neill, M'Carthy, and I. Academy.
Tyrill, promised at p. 176, could not be in- u See Ordnance six-inch Map of Armagh,
serted for sundry reasons. y pp. 316, 317.
X. PREFACE.
which I might approve this my purpose to well-bred, well-mean- ing men, who tender the glory of their native land . . . but if any there be, who are desirous to be strangers in their own soile, and forrainers in their own city, they may so continue — for such I have not taken these pains.' Finally, with the Four Masters, I think ' it is clear through the whole world, wher- ever there is nobility or honour, that nothing is more glorious than to give the knowledge of antiquity of old authors, and the
knowledge of the chiefs who lived in the days of yore
and that it was a cause of pity (for the glory of God and the honour of Erin) that the race of the Gael have gone under a cloud:" and hence I publish this Description of Ireland —
To THE GLORY OF GoD AND THE HONOUR OF ERIN.
Oo cum J5^0,I1e ^ a5ur Onolia nc( h-Gjieann.
Milltown Park, Dublin, May, the ist, 1878.
XI.
LIST OF DESCRIPTIONS OF IRELAND.
i. Topographical Poems of O'Duggan and O'Heerin.
2. MS. Abbreviate of Ireland and Description of the Power of Irishmen, by
Dean Nowell who died in 1576.
3. Campion's, in 1575.
4. Derricke's ' Image of Ireland,' 1581.
5. Carew MSS., No. 635.
6. Stanihurst's ' Plaine and Perfect Description,' 1586.
7. A brife Description by Payne, in 1589.
8. Dymmok's ' Treatice of Ireland,' circ. 1598.
9. Camden's in 1607 ; the best hitherto published.
10. Barnaby Riche's ' New Description of Ireland,' in 1610.'
11. Moryson's, in 16 17.
DESCRIPTIONS OF PARTS OF IRELAND.
1. Bagnall's Slender Description of Ulster, in 1586 ; published in 1854.
2. Carew MSS., Description of Ulster, 11. p. 437.
3. Carew MSS., Description of Ulster, Vol. 621.
4. Sir A. Chichester's Description of Ulster, in Calendar of State Papers,
an. 1609.
5. ' Dobbs MS. Description of Antrim,' circ. 1598 ; published by
Dubourdieu in 1812.
6. Loughfoyle in 1601 ; published in Ulster Journal of Archaeology.
7. ' Perambulation of Leinster in 1596,' in Calendar of Carew MSS.
8. ' Counties of the Pale,' Ussher MSS. E. 4 33.
9. Barony of Forth, printed in the Kilkenny Journal of Archaeology.
10. Composition of Connaught in 1585 in Hardiman's Iar-Connacht and
O'Donovan's Hy-Many and Hy-Fiachrach.
11. Description of Connaught in 1612, printed in Archaeologia Vol. 27.
12. Description of Clare, MSS. E. 2. 14., Trinity College, printed in this
book.
13. O'Flaherty's Chorographical Description of Iar-Connacht in 1684,
published by Hardiman.
14. O'Roddy's Description of Leitrim, MS. T.C.D.
15. Ordnance Survey MSS., in Royal Irish Academy.
16. Old Maps — the first in 1567; the second in 1571 for the Government;
Nowel's; Jobson's Ulster in 1590; Janson's ; Speed's; Maps of the Escheated Counties in 1609 ; Maps in the Pacata Hibemia.
Xll.
The notes have been taken from the foregoing Descriptions, from the publica- tions of the Irish Archaeological Society's, the Kilkenny Journal of Archaeology, the Ulster Journal of Archaeology, the Life and Letters of McCarthy Mor, the Calendars of the Carew Manuscripts, and other Calendars. The Calendar of the Carew MSS. from year 1589 to 1600 is meant by the reference Car. Cal, which is so frequently repeated. I have also ransacked the various County Histories and Statistical Surveys, the Topographical Dictionaries of Seward and Lewis, and the Parliamentary Gazetteer of Ireland, the Annals of the Four Masters., and the Historia Catholica of O'Sullevan Beare.
The gentlemen, who preside over the libraries of The Royal Irish Academy, of The Royal Dublin Society, and Trinity College, gave me every facility for examining the treasures which are under their care. To them and to the gentlemen of the Record Office I beg to tender my best thanks.
THE DESCRIPTION OF IRELAND
AND THE STATE THEREOF, AS IT IS AT THIS PRESENT
IN ANNO 1598.
IRELAND containeth in length from the old head of Kinsale in the South (which is West and to North from St. Michel's mount in Cornwall) unto Ramshead Hand in the North of Ulster, which is from Loghryan in Scotland, about 260 Miles ; and in Breadth from Hoth, near Dublin, which is East, to Crosfhe Patrick in Maio Westward, 120 Miles. a There are in Ireland, according to the old number of their division of Lands, 6814 Town Lands; in Leinster, 1930; in Munster, 2200; in Connaught, 1600; in Meath, 84; in Ulster, 1000.
Every Town containeth Eight Plowlands arable, besides pasture for 300 Kyne ; the Sume of the arable Plowlands is 54,512, besides Woods, Marshes, moores, pastures and Hills. Every Plowland containeth 1 20 Acres, every Acre is in Breadth 4 Roodes or Perches, in Length 40 Perches, and every Rood 21 Foot, so the Irish Acre exceedeth the English Acre by 5/8. If Ireland were re-formed, it might yield every year of common
* 'Irelande lieth a-toofe in the West least breadths are 174 and in miles.'
Ocean ; in proportion it resembleth an — Thorn's Directory. egge, blunt and plaine on the sides, not ' From the South forelande to the
reaching forth to sea, in nookes and northe pointe called Thorach, about
elbowes of land, as Brittaine doth.'- — 300 myles; and in breadthe from
Campion. Dublin to St. Patrick's mounte and the
' Its shape is that of a rhomboid, the sea beating alongst Connaught, 140
great diagonal of which is 302 miles, miles Irish, which are somewhat larger
and the less 210 miles ; its greatest and than our Englishe myles.' — Dymmok.
2 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Subsidies upon every Plowland viJ- viij^-, which would amount yearly to 18,170'- 13^ iiij*, besides Customs of Havens, Ports, and offices, which was in old time 20,000 marks yearly, besides the Inheritance of the Crowne ; that was, in Ulster, 32,000 marks and an half; in Connaught, 28,000 marks xs- vj^ ; in Meath, 18,000 marks, besides Munster and Leinster, and besides all advowsons of Churches, Wards, Marriages, Reliefs and Escheats, first fruits, xx parts, imposts, and other Casualties. Ireland is Divided into five parts or provinces : Ulster, Meath,b Munster, Leinster, and Connaught.0 The province of Ulster lyeth in the furthest part North of the Realm. It is divided from Meath with the River Boyne on the South-east part, and with the Breyine, which is called Omeliesd Country, on the South, and on the South-west it boundeth upon Connaught, namely, upon the County of Leytrim and the County of Sligo ; the rest is altogether invironed with the Sea, and containeth in it Nine Counties", three of Antient and old making, and six new made, the names whereof are these :
Louth, \
Doune, > Old Counties.
Antrim, J
Armagh, Tyrone, Fermanagh, ) New
Monaghan, Coleraine, Donegall, ; Counties.
b ' Meathe, so called, as lying in the e ' Some attribute the co. of Cavan for
midst of the country, and composed of a tenth.' — Dymmok. ' The Irish forces
a part of every province ; or else for of these counties were 1 702 horse and
that it conteyneth but 18 cantreds, 7220 foote.' — Moryson. 'The places of
whereas the others contain 34 or 35 a strengths and fastnesses in Ulster are the
piece.' — Dymmok. woodds and boggs of Clanbrasselogh,
c ' The insurgents of all Ireland in Clancane in the co. of Armagh, and the
1599 amounted to 18,368 foote and woodds and boggs of Killulto, Kilwarlin,
2346 horse.' — Moryson. Killoutry, and south Clandeboye, in ye
d ' O'Relye's countrey.' — Bagnall. co. of Downe.' — Dymmok, p. 26.
COUNTY OF LOUTH.
THE COUNTY OF LOUTHE.
The Countie of Louth containeth all the Land by the Sea coast, from the River of the Boyne by Drogheda to the Haven of Carlingford on the East, and it hath the Countie of Meath to the South, and South-west the barbarous Countries of the Fewes, part of the County of Armagh to the North, and the Countrie of Feony, part of the same County to the West, by means whereof it is exposed to the incursions of the rude people inhabiting these Countries/ who in times past kept a great part of this Countrie lying next them wast ; but of late years Tyrone and his adherents hath made the whole Countie desolate, that it might not yield to the English Armie, whensoever it should invade him, any succour or relief, either of men, or Victuals for men or Horses, or any convenient place for soldiers to garrison in, now againe re-inhabitted.
It is part of the English paile, and beareth contribution with the rest of the English countries.
Townes incorporat \ Drogheda, standing upon the Boyne, 2 in the Countie of [ Miles from the Sea, with a barred Haven Louth are these, ^ very dangerous to enter in, governed by and walled : ) a Mair and 2 Sheriffes.
Dundalk, ) Both Sea Townes, and walled, Carlingford, ) but barred ; Ardee, a drie Towne within the Land westward, walled.
f ' It hath the most dangerous bor- Monaghan, upon the O'Neiles of the derers and neighbors of any county ; Teenes, and the O'Hanlons of Armagh.' for it lyeth on the MacMahons of —Dymmok. Feony should be Ferny.
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
The Lords Spiritual. — The Primate Armagh, his chief Hous and Seat at Armagh ; but he hath much Lande in this Countie, and at this time his whole Residence is in Drogheda or thereabout.
Lords Temporall. — The Lord of Louth, whose surname is Plunket, his chief Hous is Louth.
Knights. — Sir Gerrot Moore, his chief Hous is Millefont.
Sir Chyver [Christofer] Bedlow, his Hous is called of himself Bedlowstoune.
Sir Nico. Bagnell, the Father, and Sir Henrie, his Sone, both Knight Marshalls of Ireland, had much possessions in this Countie, and sometimes had their residence at Carlingford, where Sir Henry was borne [but for many years they have resided at the Newrie, the L. whereof is now called Arthure Bagnell, an idiot.]
"j Plunketts, Brandons, Taffes, Cashells, Barnwalls, Verdons,
Gentlemen8 of better and meaner sort are these :
Dartoyes,
Bedlowes,
Garlands,
Warrens,
Clintons,
Moores,
Dowdals.
g We have here forty names. We find only twenty-five in the Perambula- tion of the Pale, which, however, gives fourteen additional names : ' Tath (sic, but it should be Taaffe), of Clintons- town ; Tath of Cookstown ; Tath of Stevinstown ; Tath of Rathclare ; Dow- dal of Glassepestell; Clinton of Drum- cashell ; Plunket of Nuehowse : Gernon
of Gernonstown; Gernon of Donmogh- an; Babe of Derver ; Stanley of Merlins- town ; Warren of Warrenstown ; Barn wall of Rathesker; Talbot of Castlering; Rice Ap Hugh, Provost Marshal of the Ardye.' It also informs us that Fleming lived at Crowmerton, and that Verdon of Clonmore was ' descended of Theobald Verdon, High Constable of Ireland.'
COUNTY OF LOUTH.
Of Plunketts in this Countie are — Plunket of Bewlie. Plunket of Correstone.
Other Gentlemen. Dowdall of Newton. Cashells,
Taffe of Ballibrayen. Drake of Drakeston. Peppard of Ardy. Bath of Raferghe. Clinton of Clintonstoune. Dromgold of Dromgoldstoune. Wotton of Rochestoune. Garland of Bothnan. Garlond of Garlondstonne. Verdon of Clonmor[vel Clonnor] Worrall Allen of Ardy. Birrell.
( of Dundalk. Brandons, '
Sagrave of the Grange.
of Carlingford.
Cusack of Richardstoune. Hadsor of Keppock.
h The Members of Parliament for Louth in i56owere Taf de Ballebragane and Dowedal de Glassepistell ; in 1582 the members were Gerlone and Moore. In this county there are of the Queen's troops, 350 foote at Dundalk. under Egerton, Bisset, and Bingley ; 200 foote at Artherdee, under Sir Garret Moore and Captaine Roe. — Moryson, p. 43. The garrison of Drogheda in 1595 consisted of 1 20 footmen of Sir H. Norris, 60 f. of Captain Wingfield, and 60 f. of Captain Brett. — Calendar of CarewMSS. Cap- tain Brett was probably of the Louth family mentioned in the text. ' Fleming' was Captain Garret Fleming, at whose
Dowdon of Dowdonstonne.
Merriman,
Butler,
Hurlestone of Killany.
Garlond of Killoncowle.
Brett. Car.
Fleming. Cooke.
Sherlock.
Nugent. Chamberlayne. Barnwall. White.h
castle the truce was concluded between the commissioners of Tyrone and Essex, on the 8th Sept. 1599. — Vide Carew Calendar. He was the grandson of Sir Garret Fleming, Marshal of Ireland, and was the father of the celebrated Fran- ciscan, F. Fleming, who was born in 1 5 99, at Belatha Lagain, in Louth. — Vide Ulster Jour, of Arch., No. 8, p. 254. Only three of these names are now to be found among the magistrates or among the 'County Families' of Louth, viz., Lords Louth and Bellew, and Mr. Taaffe of Smarmore Castle. — See Thorn's Di- rectory, and Watford's County Families.
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
THE COUNTIE OF DOUNE.
This shyre contayneth all the Countries between the Haven of Carlingford and the Borrya of Knockfergus, viz. : —
The Toppb of the Newrie.
The Toppb of Mourney.
Evaghe, otherwise called McGennes'c Country.
Kilulto. lecahell.
Kiwarlen. Duffrin.
Kinalewarten. little Ardes and great Ardes.
South Clandeboye.
Clonbrassell Mcyoolechan.d
The Topps of Newrie and Mourne are the Inheritance of the H eyres of Sr Nich. Bagnoll, who at his first coming hither found them altogether Wast, and Shane O'Neall dwelling within less than a Mile to the Newrie, at a place called feidem. Suffering no subject to Travel from Dundalk Northwards, but Sithence the Buildings and Fortifications made there by the said Sr Nicolas, all the Passages were made free, and much of the Countrie next adjacent reduced to reasonable tributs [civilitie], till this late Rebellion of Tyrone hath stopped againe all the said Passages, and layed the Countrie in a manner Wast, as it was in the said tyme of Shane O'Neall, ebut since the King's tyme returned to the former State.c
a ' The Bay of Knockfergus.' — Dobbs d Written M'Boolechan further on ;
and Dymmok. but McCoolechan in Dobbs, and McGoo-
b A curious mistake for Lopp, i.e., lechan in Bagnall. It is MacDuile-
' Lordshipp,'asitis in Dobbs and Bagnall. chain in Irish ; perhaps it is the present
c ' All Maginnes' country' is in Dobbs; northern name of Dullagan?
but it is a mistake for called, which is in ' The words from e to * are not in
the Betagh and Bagnall MSS. Dobbs.
COUNTY OF DOWN. 7
In this Countrie are few Gentlemen of name, the whole Inhabitants being Tenants to latef Sr Henrie Bagnoll.
Eveaghe [Evaghe], otherwise called McGennes Countrie, was lately governed by Sf Hugh McGenne, gand now by his Sone, Sr Arthure McGennes,g the civilest of all the Irish in these parts. He was brought of by Sir Nicholas Bagnoll from the Bonnoght h[paying of meal, butter, and some money for paying of O'Neall's soldiers]11 of the O'Neall's, to contribute to the Prince [Queene], to whome he did paie an Anual Rent for his Lands, which he took by Letters patents to hold after the Inglishe manner, for him and his Heyres males ;' So as in this place onlyk of Ulster the rude custome of Thanistship1 was taken away. But this old Knight being dead, his Sone that succeeded being a young Man, hath ioyned himself with Tyrone, his Brother-in-law m[for Tyrone hath to his Wife the sister of this McGennes],m and thereby hath cast away his Father's civilitie, and returned to the rudeness of the country. McGennes is able to make four Score Horsemen and near 200 Footmen." °Of late he hath carried himself well, and admitted Freeholders in his Country by advice of the State."
Kilulto is a very fast Countrie, full of Wood and Boggs. It bordereth upon Lough Evaghe and Clonbrassell ; the Capten thereof was one Cormack McNeal, who likewise was brought by
' This word is not in Dobbs. Lord Burghley inserted ' amongest the
Bh The words from s to s, h to h, are I"shry-' not in Dobbs. \ This word 1S misspelled ' Thorn
ship' in Dymmok.
' ' He lyeth very cyvilly and Enghshe „, FrQm » to ™ is a marginai note in
like in Ins house, and every festival day Qur Mg_ . b DMs it is in parenthesis. weareth Enghshe garmentes amongst „ Re had 6lQ f and I2Q h_ in 15g2
his own followers.'— Bagnatl. -Carew Calendar.
k After ' only' in the Bagnal MS. ° From ° to ° is not in Dobbs.
8 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Sr Nich. Bagnoll from the Bonnaghtsp of O'Neall's to yield to the Prence [Ouene], but at this present the captaine thereof is Bryan McArt, Brother's Son to the Earl of Tyrone. He is able to make 30 Horsmenq and 180 Shot and Kearne. r[The Kearnes' arms are swords, tergats, and darts. ]r This countrie, before the barons' Warrs in Ingland, was possessed and Inhabit- ted by Inglishmen, and there doeth yet remain an old defaced Castle, which still beareth the name of one Sr* Miles Tracie.
Kilwarten,5 Bounding upon Kilulto, is a verie fast Wood- land ; the Captain thereof was one McRorie,' and sometymes did contribute and yield to Clandeboy, and after reduced to have dependance upon the Quene ; But of late the Earl of Tyrone hath given this Countrie to one of his Coosons, named Owen McHughe: this Countrie is able to make xx Horsemen and aboute 100 Footmen.
Kinalewarten, otherwise called McCartie [forsan McCartan]u Countrie, is likewise a Woodland and Boggie. It Lyeth between Kilwarton and Lechaell, the Capten thereof is called Acholie McCartan, and did yield to the Ouene, but lately adherred to the Earl of Tyrone, as one of O'Neall's vassals. It is able to make 260 Footmen, but few or no Horsemen, by reason that the Country is so full of Woods and Boggs.v
p ' From the bondage of the O'Neils.' Bagnall, and Kihvartin in the index to
— Bagnall; but it should be bonnaght, the Carew Calendar. as in our MS. and in Dobbs. « By sirname is M'Genis called Ever
"'Twenty h. and 160 foote and McRorie.—£at>nall. Kerne.' — Dobbs. The Carew Calendar „. , . ,.r,, ,
.►„*«. A-k b MclJ .. r " Kincleartie, or McCarthaneys
states that Bryan McArt was captain of „ ,„,',, „ „ /
„„„ f„„ f , ' . , a „ ... Country' — Dobbs; but Bagnall has
300 loot, 'trained after ye English ._ _ } "
1VT c ( 1 T" t n n
manner, besides rascals and Kerne.'
' From " to r is not in Dobbs. " McArtan and the Sleaght McNeill
s Rede Kilwarlin, as in Dobbs and hath 100 f. and 20 h. in 1599. — Carciv
Bagnall ; yet also written Kilwaren in Calendar.
COUNTY OF DOWN. 9
Clonebrassell McBoolechan (so called for difference be- tween this and another Countrie of the same name in the Countie of Armagh), is a verie vast Countrie of Wood and Bogg, Inhabitted with a sept called the 0'Rellies,a verie Savage and Barbarous people, given altogether to Spoiles and Robberies. They contribute, but of their own pleasure, to the capten of Glandeboy, bbut were lately followers to Tyrone.b They can make few Horsemen and 160 Kearne and Shott.
Lechaell is, cfor most part,c the Inheritance of dthe Earls of Kildare,d the abbey Lands whereof were given to Gerrot, Earle of Kildare, and his wife and the heyres Males of his Bodie, by Queen Marie at their Marriage, and the Earl's restitution to his Blood and Lands, in place of some of his livings given away to others by patent by King Henrie the 8th in the tyme of his attainder. "Btit by reason the Heyres Males are now all extinct, the King gave these lands to the late Earl of Devonshire, and he disposed of them to the late L. Cromwell, whose heyres now enioy them." f[These lines (in italics) from being a note in the margin, hath crept into the text.]f It is almost an Hand, and no trees in it ; in it is the Bishop's seat called Downe. First built and Inhabitted by one Sr John Coursey, who brought with him sundrie Inglish Gentlemen and planted them in this Countrie, where some of their posteritie yet remaine ;g their names are —
Savages. Audlies.
Russells. Jordans.
Fitzsimons. Bensons.
a ' The Kellies greatly affected to the not in Dobbs ; from ' to f is a marginal
Scott, whom they often draw into their note.
countries for the spoilinge of the sub- s ' Where some of them yet remayne,
jects.' — Bagnall. 'The O'Rellies.' — though somewhate degenerate and in
Dobbs. poore estate ; yet they hold still their
hci'{ From b to b, c~c, A~A, e_e, f_f, is freeholdes.' — Bagnall. ' I assure your
B
IO STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
ihThis Country of Lecahell, before it was spoyled by the Rebells, yielded yearly to the Earl of Kildare 8oo& ster. in Rent, besides much Service and many other duties.h
Duffryn, sometimes the Inheritance of the Mandevills, and now appertayning unto one Whyte, Gent.,1 who, by reason of his residence in the pale, cou'd not defend same in the late Rebellion. jIt is now come to be held by Lease by Mr. James Hamilton.3 This Countrie is for the most part Woodie, and lieth upon the Lough called lough coyne, which issues into the Sea at the Haven of Stran^ford ; this louo-h is farr navigable within the Land, wherein are divers Isles, and in some of them Strong Castles. This Countrie is able to make 120 Footmen and 20 Horsemen.
Litle Ardes lyeth on the North side of the River of Strangford kby the Sea,k a fertile Champion Countrie. 'The Inhabitants are an old colonie of the English.1 It is die Inherit- ance of the Lord Savage, who, being not able to withstand the violence of the O'Neals, was constreyned to take what they will give him. There are besides dwelling here certen ancient Freeholders of the Savages and Smithes, able to make amongst them all 30 Horsemen and 60 Footmen, but of late being spoiled by their Neighbours, some were compelled to remove,
Lordship I have been in many places therefore it is usurped and inhabited
and countries in my days, and yet did by the neighbours.' — Dobbs. ' It is
I never see for so much a pleasanter usurped by a bastard sorte of Scotts,
plott of grounde than the sayd Lecayll, who yield to White some small rent at
for the commoditie of the land and their pleasure. There are of those bas-
divers islands in the same, environed tard Scottes dwelling here some 60 bow-
with the sea.' — Lord Grey the Deputy men and 20 shott, which live most upon
in 1539, quoted in note to Bagnall MS. the praie and spoil of their neighbours.'
h From h to h is not in Dobbs. — Bagnall.
' ' A mean gentleman, who is not of jkl From ' to j, k to k, and ' to ', is not
power sufficient to defend the same ; in Dobbs or Bagnall.
COUNTY OF DOWN.
I I
some others, that knew not whither to go, "continued there to this daie.m
Great Ardes is almost an Hand, a Champion, and fertile Land, and now possessed by Sf Hugh Montgomery and Mr. James Hamilton. But the Ancient dwellers there are the n[ . . ], a rich and strong Sept of people, always followers of the O'Neall's of Clandeboy. The force of the Inhabitants now dwelling there is small, the "same being yet a Beginning of a Plantation from0 [...].
South Clandeboye is for the most part a Woodland, and reacheth from the Duffrin to the river of Knockfergus ;p the Capten of this was Con 0'Neal,q his chief Hous is called Castlereagh. This Countrie was able to make 40 Horsemen and 80 Footmen, "but the late Rebellion hath consumed them all/
m 'They are often harrowed and spoiled by them of Clandeboy, with whom the borders of their lands do joine.' — Bagnall. Dobbs says, 'not knowing what to do, they have joined themselves to the enemy.' From ra to m is not in Dobbs or Bagnall.
" ' The Ogilmers, a rich, &c. The land is now possessed by Sir Con Mac- Neil Oige, who hath planted there Neil McBryan Ferto with sondrey of his owne sirname. The force of the inhabitants now dwellinge there is 60 horsemen and 300 footemen.' — Bagnall.
0 From ° to ° is not in Dobbs.
p ' The river of Knockfergus, Kilulto, lyinge upon Lough Eaghe and Clan- braselo.' — Dymmok.
q 'NialMcBryan Flain.'— Dobbs. 'Sir Con McNeil Oige O'Nele, who in the time that th' Erie of Essex attempted this country was prisoner in the castle of Dublin, together with his nephewe, Hugh McPhelim, Capten of North Clandeboye, by mean whereof Sir Brian McPhelim, younger brother to Hugh, did then possess both countries. The Southe parte is able to make 40 horse- men and 80 footemen.' — Bagnall.
' The Dobbs MS. has not these re- markable and significant words from ' to '. In 1598 the Lords of Upper and Lower Clannaboy had 120 h. and 300 f. ; and in 1599 Neil M'Bryan Fertagh, Lord of Upper Clannaboy, had 80 f. and 50 horse in the service of Hugh O'Neil. — Carcw Calendar.
12
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Tounes in the Countie of Doune are —
!The Newrie,! Downe, and Arglas.
All unwalled, and with- out any priviledges of a Corporation.
Castles in Countie —
1 • , / Green Castle, 'belonging to the Queene,'
< near the barr of Carlingford, upon the [ Sea.
Dundrum, "belonging to the Earl of Kildare," in the Bottom of the Bay, that divideth lecahell from Evaghe. The Castle of the narrow Water which kepeth the River that goeth to the Newire, passable. Stranyford. Ranechadie, ) Scatterig, ) Castlereaghe, in the Great Ardes.v This Countrie hath the Sea to the East, the Countie of Armagh to the West, the Haven of Carlingford and that river to the South, the Countries of Brasilagh, Clancan, and Lough Eaghe to the North.
within the lies of Lough Coyne.
■ At the Newrie in 1599 there were 50 h. under Sir S. Bagnoll, and 950 f. under Bagnoll, Blayney, Bodley, Freckle- ton, Tobias Caufield, Stafford, and Leigh.' — Moryson.
•From ' to ', and u to u is not in Dobbs, ntfs there anything about the towns ano^astles in B agnail.
u 'Doundrome, one of the strongest holts that ever I saw in Ireland, and most commodious for the defence of the whole country of Lecayll, both by sea and land.' — Lord Grey, in 1539.
v By mistake, the Dobbs1 MS. has
' Castlereagh in Lough Coyne.' The Savages of Down are still represented by Col. Andrew Nugent, of Portaferry, of the Scots Greys, the old name of whose family was Savage. The Russels are represented by Mr. Russell, pro- prietor of Quoniamstown, near Down Patrick, in whose family the property has remained for six centuries, and by C. Russell, Esq., of Killough. The Whytes are represented by J. J. Whyte, Esq., of Loughbrickland, J. P. & D.L., of the Co. of Down.
COUNTY OF ANTRIM.
THE COUNTY OF ANTRIM.
The Countie of Antrim stretcheth from the River of Craig;- fergus to the Rivera of the Bann, and containeth these Countries : —
North Clandeboy.
Hand magie, Bryan Carroghes Countrie.
The Glynnes,
the rout.
North Clandeboy is for the most part a plain Country, being in length from the River of Belfast and Craigfergus to the Rout, and in bredth from the Glynnes to the great Lough called Eaghe, otherwise called Lough Sidney. This Land was given by the Ouene by Letters Patents to S; Bryan McPhelim's Sones, notwithstanding by a division made by S: John Perrott the one moyetie thereof was allotted to Hugh McPhelim's Sones, whereby great dissention fell out between them, and several Slaughters on both parts hath been committed. b[But Shane McBrian possesses some part thereof at this day ; the rest for the most was given by the h. L. Sir Arthure Chicester to the L. Dep.Jb The principall of all wasc in this Countrie were these : — the Mc
a ' To the goinge out of the Bann.' — could not make out the names in the
B agnail. copy which he had. The varia/itcs,
b From b to b is a marginal note, ' Tartur ' and ' Bertier,' and ' the prin-
and is not in Dobbs. cipal followers' and ' the principal of all
c ' The principal followers in this was,' are very remarkable ; the latter
countrey are these : — the McGies, seems to be due to a lapsus lingua;.
M'Onulles, Onulchalons, Durnam, and Dymmok says, ' North Clandeboy is
Tarturs.' — B agnail; but, according to divided into two partes, the river of
Dobbs, they were MacYnes, Mac- Kellis being the mear bounde. The
Quillens, Ownilechabees, Dawmans, south parte thereof was geven for a
and Bertiers.' The writer of our MS. rent to the sonnes of Brian M'Phelim
14 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
The force which they were able to make was 80 Horsmen and 300 Footmen, dbut the most part in the last Rebellion killed.d
I LAND MAGIE.
I land magie is a portion of Land within five Miles of Craig- fergus, almost environed with the Sea, the head Land thereof maketh the Haven of Olderfleet. It is five Miles long, but little more than a Mile br ad, all plaine without any Wood, very fertile. It was given by the late Ouene to the then Erie of Essex his Grandfather, and from him lately purchased by the L. Depe.
Bryan Carroghes Countrie was a portion of North Clande- boy, but wonne from it by some of the Scottish Iryshf of the Sept of the Clandonnels, who entered the same, and yet do hold it, being a verie strong piece of Land, lying upon the North side of the Bann. The name of the now Capten thereof is Bryan Carraghe, who possesseth also another piece of the Countrie upon Tyrone's side upon the Bann, for which he did contribute to the Ouene8 and for the Lande on the north Side to the Lorde of that part of Clandeboy. This man, by reason of the Fastness and Strength of his Countrie, having succour on each side of the
O'Neill, who were all pencioners in the McGyes, and contribute to the Lord
Ireland to her Majestie; and the eldest, of Clandeboy, but doth of right belong
Shane M'Brian, yet lyvinge, was cheefle. to the Quene's Castle of Carikfergus.' —
The north parte beyond Kellis to the Bagnall. ' It is the inheritance of the
river of Bann by Lough Eaugh was now Erie of Essex.' — Dymmok. 'It
assigned to the sonnes of Hugh hath us name from the M'Gies, it is
MThelim, elder brother to Sir Bryar., granted in lease to one Savage, one of
whose eldest son in that part is Hugh the Erl of Essex his men.' — Dobbs.
Oge McHugh.' — Dymmok. ... ... , „ „ ,,
&d „ cw d • • „,, f A bastard kinde of Scotts.—Bog/iall
d From d to d is not m Dobbs.
and Dobbs
'He dc almost all waste ; such as be there be Bagnall and Dobbs.
Hand McGye, a portion of land within 3 miles of Knockfergus. It is E He doth contribute to O'NeiL-
COUNTY OF ANTRIM. T5
Bann, was so obstinate and careless as he never wou'd appear before any deputie, huntill this Deputie came to be Governor of CrauTferoais,h but vielded what relief he could to the Scotch. His force in People is very small, he standeth only upon the Strength of his Country, which indeed is the fastest Ground of Ireland.1
The glynnes is a Countrie so called, because its full of rockie and wooddie dales ; it stretcheth' in length xxiv Miles on the one side, being backed with a very steepe and Boggie mountaine, and on the other part with the sea, on which side there are many Creekes between Rocks and Thicketts where the Scottish Gallies do commonly land ; at either end are verie narrow Entries and passages into the Countrie, which lieth directlie opposite to Cantyre, from which it is xviii'MUes distant. The Countrie of Glynnes containeth Seven Barronies, whereof the He of Raghlins is compted half a Barronie. The Names of the Barronies are these : — Larne.
This Countrie of the Glynnes was possessed Parke,
by Agnes McConnell of Cantyre ; but these three or four years past, they have been possessed by S^ Randoll McDonell, Brother to S! James McConnell, who enjoys them at this present, and is able to make 120 Footmen and 16 Horse-
Glanarme.
Radboy.k
Lade.1
Carie.
Mowberry.
men.
h From h to h is not in Dobbs.
' ' The fasted and safest ground of Ireland — it is very hard to hurt him.' — Dymmok and Bagnall.
' ' It stretcheth from the haven of Olderfleete to the Route.' — Dymmok.
k Redbay where Randal, now Lord of the country, has his residence. — Dobbs.
1 Lade is not in Dobbs, but it is in Bagnall.
m ioo f. and 100 h. Carav Calendar; but Dymmok says: :Jameo McSurly Buy and his two brothers. Neece and Randol, possessing the country of Towany (being the Route), and ye seven Glynnes, hath 400 f. and ico h.'
I 6 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
These were sometymes the Inheritance of Baron Misset, from whom it is descended to a Daughter, who was married to one of the Clandonnells in Scotland, by whom the Scottish now make their claime to the whole, and did quietlie possess the same for many years, till not long agoe being spoiled of their Goods they were whollie banished into Scotland. But againe, the Countrie, by Instructions from the Ouene, was let to Agnes McConnell and her" Uncle Surleboy, to be holden from her," and Her Heyres and Successors for a certen Rent yearly payable. The force of this Countrie is uncertaine, for that they were Supplyed as need required, from Scotland with what Nombers they Listed to call for, by making of Fires upon many Steepe Rockes hanging- over the Sea. The ancient followers of this Countrie are these — Some few of the Missetts yet remaining, but in poor State ; the Magies," . . . McCarnocks, and the Clanalasters, who are by Original Scottish, and all of them are most desirous to Live under the Scotch, because they
Angus McConnell, Lord of Cantyre. Bruce formed the resolve of reconquer-
' His' and 'her' are used in the Dobbs ing Scotland, and it was at Sir Hugh
and Bctagh MSS.; but Dymmok writes, Bissett's manor of Glenarm, that
Angus and his, and says, ' by instruc- Edward Bruce landed with the victors
tions from her Majesty it was divided of Bannockburn. Some of the family
by Sir John Perrott, between Angus formed a Celtic clan, and took the
McConnell, chief of his name, and name of McEoin or McKeon. {Four
Sourley Buy, his uncle bysides in the Mast. An. 1383-7, and O 'Donovan
land of the Route.' Introd. to Topogr. Poem).
Margery Bissett married Ian Mdr ° ' The Magies, O'Nowlanes, Mac-
M'Donnell, son of the Lord of the Isles. Nygells, MacAroulbyes, MacCarnocks,
The Bissets were originally de Miset ; and the Clanacasters.' — Dobbs. ' The
they soon changed their name to Bissett, MacKayes, the Omulrenies, the Mac y
and adopted Irish customs. It was in Gilles, the MacAwnleys, the MacCar-
Bissett's island of Rathlin, that the nocks, and the Clanalsters.' — Bagnall.
COUNTY OF ANTRIM. I 7
do better defend them, and less spoile them then the Irysh doth."
The Route is a pleasant and fertile Country, being between the Glynnes and the River of the Bann, and from Clandeboy to the Sea ; it was sometime inhabitted with Inglishe, for there remayneth yet certain defaced Castles and Monasteries of their Buildinge. The Captain that made claime to it is calledq [ . . . ] the posteritie as is thought of Walsheman ; but S' James McSurlie wholy expulsed him and drove him to live in Knock- fergus, where he remayneth in a very poor Estate. The cheif Hous is called Dunluce, standing upon a rock in the Sea Shore, where the said Sir James had his residence,r and since his decease his Brother Sir Randoll MTJonnell has enjoyed it, first under pretence of Succession, but now by virtue of the King's grant to him and his heyres for ever of both the Rent and Glynnes/ The cheife followers and Inhabitants of this Country are the O . . ,s and O'Guinnes, who dwell upon their Lands and yield rent and Service to the foresaid S! Randoll. This Countrie was able latelie to make 140 horsemen and 300 Foote- men,'
p ' Are lest spent upon, and better fendeth rather by maintenance of Tur-
defended than by the Irish or English.' loch O'Neil, than by his own forces.'
Dymmok. , From , t0 , is not in Dobbs It is
0 ' M'Guillim.'— Bagn. < M'Guillin.' strange that BagmU does not mention
— Dobbs, ' M<Wdh.'— Dymmok. It Dunluce, which a State Paper of 1584
was, it appears, a corruption of declared to be an impregnable fortress. M'Llewellyn. In 1 541 the Chief of the
M'Guillins declared that no captain of s ' O'Furries and O'Quins.'— Dobbs.
his race ' ever died in his bed sith the ' O'Harnes and O'Gumes.'— Dymmok.
first conqueste of their said lande.'— ' O'Haryes and O'Qums.'— Bagnall.
{Council Book An. 1541). Bagnall says : ' Moryson says, the Glynnes and
'The Scot hath well nere expulsed Route had 400 f. and 100 h.j but our
McGuillin and driven him to a small MS. estimates at 450 h. and 156 f., the
corner near the Bann, which he de- forces they u<cre able to raise.
c
i8
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Craigfergus" is the onlie Towne in this Shyre upon the River, three Miles broad over against the Towne, walled partlie with stone, partlie with Soades. There were in it 2 Wardes, the one in the Castle in the South end of the Towne, the other in the Abbey in the North end thereof; vbut the Abbey Warde is taken away.v This Towne is governed by a Maior and Two Sheriffes, and at this day there is not may freemen of this Towne.w
Bellfast, viii Miles by the River from Craigfergus, where the passage is over the River at low water. O . . .x near Louofh Eaodie. 01derfleete.y Glanarne. Castle marten in the Route.
Castles Wardable at this day,
Defaced.
u In 1599 the Queen had at Carrig- fergus 30 h. under Neale McHugh, and 550 f. under Sir A. Chichester, Sir R. Percy, and Captains Lington and Norton. — Moryson.
v From v to v is not in Dobbs.
w At this day there are but 16 free- men of this towne. — Dobbs.
" ' Edenduffee Carrig, near Lough Eagh. '—Dobbs. 'The Castles Ward- able in 1586 are Belfast, Edenduchar and Olderfleete ; and the castles de- faced are these — Portmuck in Hand Magy, Glanarne, and Redbaye in the Glynnes, and Castlemartyn in the Route. ' — Bagnall.
In 1523 the Earl of Kildare took Hugh McNeil's castle of Belfast, and
' burnt 24 myle of his country.' This Hugh McNeil kept 1,500 Scots, besides his own soldiers. In 1591 Belfast castle was almost surrounded by woods, ' okes and other wood for many miles ' {See Notes of the Editor of BagnalPs Description of Ulster in Ulst. J. of Arch.)
y On the narrow peninsula called the Corran, which projects into the bay of Larne, stands this castle, once a place of strength. After McDonnell over- threw the English under Sir J. Chichester in the end of 1597, this castle was sold to him by its English commander. In announcing this treachery to Elizabeth, Ormond calls it 'Alderfleet standing upon the north
COUNTY OF ARMAGH. 1 9
THE COUNTY OF ARMAGH.
This Countie hath to the South the Countie of Louth, the blackwater to the North, the River of the Newrie to the East, and the Countie of Monaghan to the West. It contayneth all the Land between the River of Dundalk and the black water, saving a small proportion called Cowley,3 joining to Carlinford, belonging to Louth. In it are those several Countries compre- hended.
Ornaugh, otherwise O'Hanlon's Countrie.
Clanbrassell,
Clancane, Mucknoe, Oneylans,
Clanant, Tirriaugh, Feues. Most of these have Several Captens, to whom the Countries do appertain, but in time of Sr John Perrott were all made contributories to the Earle of Tyrone, to whom they were subject in the latter times.
O'Hanlon's Countrie reacheth from the Newrie and from Dundalk to Ardmaghe ; it is for the most part without Wood, but full of Hills and Boggs. It is able to make 50 Horsemen and 250 footemen.b
a ' Couray.' — Dymmok. the poor gentleman hath utterly undone
b ' Forty h. and 200 f.' — Bagnall. himself in wrestling with them ; and his
' In 1598, in the army of Hugh O'Neil, brother, likewise, an honest, valiant
there were 80 h. and 200 f. under gentleman, was wounded and maimed
O'Hanlon, McGyniesse, and Bryan in the service, and lost and spent all
McArt.' — Carew Calendar, p. 287. Sir that ever he had. . . The Countrie
H. Sydney informed the English go- is large and long, yet is waste, altogether
vernment that a 'Mr. Chatterton under- without a house, pile, or castle left stand-
tooke to expulse and subdue the ing in it, but a little sorry fort pitched of
O'Hanlons . . . in troth, my Lords, sods and turves.' — Collins, vol. i., 148.
20 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Clonbrassell is a verie Woody and Boggie Countrie upon the great Lough side, called Oaghe or Sidney. It hath in it no Horsemen, but able to make 160 Kearnes.c
Clancancane"1 is a verie strong Countrie, almost all Wood and deep Bogg ; it is invironed on one side with the foresaid great Loughe, and on the other side with a great Bogg, and two deep Rivers, the one called the Black Water, the other the little Banne, which both within this Countrie do fall within this Lough. In this Countrie are no Horsemen, but about some 150 kearne,0 who live for the most part in tyme of peace upon Stealth and Robberies.
CANTAULEf is a peece of a Countrie, which of right apper- taineth to the Arch- Bishop of Ardmagh and his Freeholders, and Lieth between Ardmagh and the Blackwater. There is in it nowg to the River much underwoode and Loughes,h but the rest lying towards Ardmagh is champion and Fertile.' The Capten of this Countrie was called Turleighe Brasilaghe, who held this peece of Land from the Earle of Tyrone, to whom he payed his Rents and Service. The said Turloghe and his Sonnes were Liable to make 40 Horsemen and 100 Footmen.
Muctionoe and Tirriaughelie,j between Ardmaghe and McMahon's Countries, not Long since appertayning to him, but of late possessed by the Earl of Tyrone, who hath placed certen of his waged followers, that paid their Rents and Services only unto him.
c McCane's country hath 100 f. and s 'nere.' — Bagnall.
and 12 h.— Carew Calendar, p. 299. ^'boggs.'— Bagnall.
Clanbrassil was M'Cann's country. . .
d Called Clancan by Bagnall. ' ' UPon Parte of thlS land f the
' M'Can in Clancan hath 100 f. and bridSe and fort of Blackwater bullt-'-
12 h.'— Dymmok. BaSnalL
f Written Clanant j7//V-<7, but Clanawle ' ' Muckno and Tireawh.' — Bagnall.
by Bagnall, and Clanowlo by Dymmok. ' Muckro and Tragh.' — Dymmok.
COUNTY OF ARMAGH. 2 I
Fues bordereth upon the Inglish Pale, within 3 Miles to Dundalke. It is a verie strong Countrie of Wood and Bogg, peopled with certen of the O'Neals, accustomed to live much upon the Spoiles of the Pale.k The Capten hereof is Sir Turloghe McHenrie O'Neall, Brother by the Mother to the now Earle of Tyrone, but no way affected to the Earle. For while the Earle of Tyrone was a good Subject, he overruled the said Sr Turloghe with his strength and Authoritie, and thereby kept him from annoying the Pale. But afterward, when Tyrone was a Rebell, the said Sr Turloghe rebelled from his Brother and came in to the L. Burrowes, Late L. Deputie, whom he served Fathfullie during the Life of the said Deputie, after which he was won by fair promises to returne from the Ouene to Tyrone, with whom, when he had remained a certen tyme, he was com- mitted to close Prison in a Castle within a Loughe upon a Suspicion of a Second revolt from the Earle to the Quene, where he remayneth in cheynes cruelly used for a long time, for whose deliverie divers attempts were made, but without success. At length he got his liberty by force, and ever since hath been a good Subject. He hath this Countrie by Letters Patents from his Majestic This country is able to make about Fiftie Horsemen and 200 Footemen.1
Oneylane is likewise a Woodie land, lyeing between Ard- magh and Clanconcane. This Earle of Tyrone hath and claimeth it to his inheritance ; he hath placed there some of the O' m and , who fostered him, and for the most part
k All that follows, down to the end of who fostered him.' — Bagnall. The
the chapter on Armagh, is not in the learned Editor of the Bagnall MS. says
B agnail MS. that ' Henry O'Hagan was the Earl's sec-
' In the Fewes Tirlo M'O'Neale retary, and probably his foster-brother.'
hath 300 f. and 50 h.' — Carew Calendar. But the Cal. of Carew MSS. removes
m ' Some of the Quins and Hagans all doubt regarding O'Neill's fosterers.
22
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
he dwelleth himself amongst them in a little Hand within a small Loughe called Lough Cotos." In this place lay his store of Munition, his money and jewels, and whatsoever precious things he had, namlie his Wife and Children.
There be no places of importance in this Countrie, but the church of Ardmagh, which was wont to Serve for a Garrison place, and a little Fort upon the Blackwater, which the old Earle of Essex first Builded on the South side of the River, together with a Bridge over the River ; but Tyrone demolished the Bridge and raysed the Fort, and builded it on the North side of the River to Stopp the Passage of the Foord, which the L. Burrowes, late L. Deputie, surprised in July 1597, and placed in it a Garrison of 200 Men, who kept the same till August 1598, at which tyme, after the overthrowe given the
Under the year 1594, at p. 87, the Earl of Tyrone says : — ' The Earl's foster- brothers, Captain Richard and Henry Hovendon, having the leading of 200 f. upon the Earl's charges, overthrew 500 or 600 Spaniards in Tir-Connell . . but neither they nor the Earl had any recompense of such service.' Again, in the negotiations with Elizabeth's commissioners, Jan. 15th, 1596, O'Neil says he cannot give them full satisfac- tion, because his secretary, Henry Ho- vendon, was absent, and he could not trust another to write for him on such matters. — Carat' Calendar, an. 1596, pp. 133 and 136.
" ' In a little island called Lough Coe.' — Bagnall. Island fastnesses in inland lakes formed the universal sys- tem of defence in the north. Phetti-
place, a famous pirate, informs the Council that John O'Neal the Proud ' dependeth for fortification on sartin freshwater loghes in this country. It is thought that there, in the said fortified islands, lyeth all his plate, which is much, and his money, prisoners, and gages. He hath razed the strongest castles of his country.' See what Mr. Evelyn Shirley says on this subject in his admirable work, called Account of the Territory of Farney. As Hugh trusted his foster-brothers, so, accord- ing to Phettiplace, ' Shane's strength and safety consists, not in the noblest of his men, nor in his kinsmen nor brothers, but on his foster-brothers, the O'Donnelly's, who are three hundred gentlemen.'
COUNTY OF MONAGHAN.
23
Inglyshe at Ardmaghe, it was yielded upon Composition to Tyrone, who possesseth the same at this instant.
The Principall men of this Country are :
The Primate of Ardmaghe.
The Earl of Tyrone.
O'Hanlons.
Turloghe Brasilagh.
Sir Turloghe McHenrie of
Fewes. Art McBarons Sonnes.0 The Clero-ie of Armagh.
the
THE COUNTIE OF MONAGHAN.
This Countie was in tymes past called Oriel, given at the time of the conquest to one Reinold FitzUrse, or Baresone, supposed to be one of the 4 Knights that slew Thomas Beckett.3 His offspring are grown mere Irysh, and called McMahon, which signifyeth in Irish the Sone of a Beer.b He hath under him three Captains, all of his own surname, and possesseth the Countries of Loughty, Dartire, and Ferny,0 which last bordereth
0 Art MacBaron had 30 f. and 30 h. — Dymniok. Cormack McBaron had 300 f. and 40 h., and O'Neil had always about him 700 f. and 200 h. — Carew Calendar, p. 299.
a ' Sanct Thomas of Canterbury.' — Dymmok. From this extract of Dym- niok, and from a blank before Thomas in our MS., it appears not unlikely that Sanct, or Saint, was in the original.
b Sir Henry Sydney, Spencer, Dym- mok, Campion, and others, laboured under this delusion j but Mr. Evelyn Shirley gives the pedigree of the McMahons, and shows them to be pure Celts. Marshal Bagnall says nothing of the 'Bear's Son.'
c ' Iriell, Dartry, Loghtie, and Trow.' — Bagnall. ' Iriel, Bartrey, and Ferney.' Dymmok.
24 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
upon the Countie of Louth, and being a parcell of the Ancient Possessions of the Crowne, was given to the Grandfathers of this Earle of Essex, the title whereof remayneth in the now Earle, his Grandsonne. There is not in this Countie any Corporat Towne or place of importance, save 2 or 3 defaced Monasteries and the Lp. of Dunamore belonging to the Earle of Essex.
McMahon, now Capten hereof, is Sister's Sone to the Earle of Tyrone, and was able to make 120 Horsemen and 600 Footmen.d This Countie bordereth upon the Countie of Louth to East, to the Countie of Cavan or Omelies Countrie* to the South and South East, to the Lough, called Lougherne, north-west, and to the Countie of Ardmaghe to the North.
THE COUNTIE OF FERMANAGH.
This Countie, called commonlie McGwyres countrie,3 lyeth upon both sides of the great Lough called Erne, and Stretcheth northward toward O'donnell's Countrie, called Tyrconnell ; it hath the Countie of Tyrone to the East, Leytrim to the West, and to the South Monaghan and part of the Countie of Cavan.
d 'In 1599, McMaghone, Ferry Clan- ' Recte, O'Reilly's Countrie. There
carvell, and Patrick IVPArte Moyle, in is in No. 9 of Ulster Jour, of Arch.
the co. of Monaghan, have 500 f. and a curious, coloured old map of Clones
160 h.' — Careiv Calendar. ' McMahon, and Dartrie, showing the 'watch toure'
with Ferney and Glancarvell, McArty (i.e., round tower), the four or five
Moyle (being a competitor for ye co. of churches, the Cross, ' the chapel,' and
Monahan'). — Dymnwk. ' McMahowne the Abbey ; and the bogs, woods, and
in Monaghan, Ever McCoolye in the mountains all around.
Ferney, and others of that name in a Conteineth all Farmanaghe, Ter-
Clankarvil, 500 f. and i6oh.' — Moryson. mingraghe, and Tyrmin-Omungan. Bag.
COUNTY OF TYRONE.
25
This Countrie for the most part is verie Strong of Wood and Bogg, especiallie near the great Lake called Erne, wherein is diverse Hands, full of Woods. Buildings in this Countrie are none of importance, the chief Hous is Inishkellen, demolished, which is Situat in one of the greatest Hands in the Lough. The present Capten is named S' Conner roe McGwyre, an old man . . . was able to make almost of his own Surname 120 Horsemen and 600 Footemen.b
THE COUNTIE OF TYRONE.
The Countie of Tyrone contayneth all the Land from the Black Water to the Laffer and fyne.a This was the portion assigned to Turlo°;he Lenogbe O'Nealle in the Treatie between him and the Earle of Essex, who before had comandemend of all Lands Southward to the Inglysh Pale.
This Countie hath the great Louche called Eaghe to the East, and the Countie of Coleraine to the West, the Countie of Ardmagh to the South, and Tyrconnell to the North. The
b ' He hath 600 f. and 100 h.' — Carew Calendar. ' He is able to make (and most of his owne nation), 80 horsemen, 240 shot, and 300 kerne.' — Bagnall. ' He is left always to the rule and com- mandment of O'Neil, and yet be very desirous to depend on the Queen.' — Bagnall. However, this Maguire, six years afterwards, i.e., in 1594, would not suffer any man to pass through his country, who wore an English hat or cloak (S. Paper, 10 Feb. 1594). 'He
is one of O'Neil's Uraughts ; he hath not any of name under him but his owne kindred ; he is under the bishop of Clohn in the Co. of Tyrone.' — Dymmok.
The Uriaghs just mentioned were 'sub-kings' (Oir-righ) who paid tribute to their King, and joined his standard in time of war.
a 'from Black water to Liffer.'- nall.
-Bag-
26 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
now Earle of Tyrone claiming this Countrie from his Grand- father, and growing Strong upon Turloghe Lenaghe, the last O'Neall, and wynning his followers from him, lest it should burst out into Warr, a composition was made between them by Sir John Perrot, L. Deputie, that for the life of the said O'Neale, the Earle should paie to him for a portion of Land being almost the halfeb of the Countie Southwards, iooo marks Stir, yearlie, which Composition thoghe the Earle did not observe,0 yet the Deputies succeeding wou'd not have the same broken during the Life of the said O'Neall, after which the Earle of Tyrone became M* of all, first under the name of Earle of Tyrone, but in the entire of his Rebellion perceiving the Iryshrie more to affect the name of O'Neall, he caused himself to be chosen O'Neall after the ancient manner, thereby disannulling the Act of Parliament, which had altogether [abrogated] the name and Creation of O'Neall, made when his Grandfather Con O'Neall was made Earle of Tyrone.
The Inhabitants of this Countrie and the chief Gentlemen of the 0'Neallsd amongst whome were the Sonnes of Shane O'Neall, Henrie, Hugh, Con, and Arthur. The Eldest and
b ' the half thereof and more.' — Bag- casion of much mischiefe and disorder;
nail, th' other that by this division it will
'which (1000 marks a year) hath weeken the force and greatness of such
been detayned by the Erie : where as shall succeede, whereby they shall
throughe it is like that some trouble will not be of power to do the hurt they
arise betwceue them or it be longe. were wont.' — Bagnall. Turlough desireth from her Matie to his
sonne that portion of Tyrone, wherein ' first the 0neyles' who m°St ar<;
he dwelleth, and is the remotest parte a11 horsemen; the Clandonnells, all
from th' English Paleward. The grant- galloSlas ' the Odoonelles, a very strong
ing whereof were very expedient; the ^ and much affected t0 Shane
one for extinguishing their barborous 0nell's sonnes> the HaSans and Quyns-
custom of Tanestship, which is th' oc- —£ag>ia^-
COUNTY OF TYRONE. 2J
the youngest were Prisoners in the Castle of Dublin, but escaped; in which escape Henry wounded himself negligentlie [accidently] with a knife as he was slipping down the Cord to Escape, and died of the wound ; Con and Arthur are Prisoners with the Earle ; Hughe was Hanged by the Earle upon a Suspicion that he had intended his death, which was the cause of the great hatred between Tyrone and McSleyne in Scotland, Hugh's Mother being McCleynes Father's Sister. In this Countie also is O'Neall's Turlogh's Grand Son to the last O'Neall.
This Countie hath not Townes, but divers ruined Castles, as Dungannon, the Earles principall Hous, which himself cast down to the middest after he had well . . . builded it and covered it with Lead, when Sir William Russell, late Lord Deputie, approached with the Armie thereto ; Omaghe, New- castle, Benburge,e and Strabane, which was the place, where the last O'Neall had his Residence, whose Wife being a Scottish woman drew great repair of Scottishmen thither insomuch as at this present there are above 3 or four Score Scottish Familes inhabitting there. This Countie is able to make 450 Horsemen and 8oof Footemen.
The Odoonells were the O'Donnellies In 1592 'the forces of Tyrone were
who were foster-brothers of Shane 930 h. and 5,260 f., of which 20 horse
O'Neil, and who numbered '300 gentle- and 1,000 foot were retained by the
men of their name' according to the Earl of Tyrone.' — (Carew Calendar, p.
pirate Phettiplace. 73). ' Where the Earle of Tyrone hath
e called Benburb by Shane O'Neil. rule is the fairest and goodliest countrie
f'3oo h. and 1,500 f., but alwaies in Ireland, and many gentlemen of the
the strength and greatness of the Neyles dwell therein.' {Letter of Lord
Oneyles stoode chiffest upon bandes of Chancellor Cusack of the &th May
Scottes, whom they caused their Uri- 1552, quoted by the Editor of Bagnall's
aughes to victual and paye.' — B agnail. MS.)
28 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1598.
THE COUNTIE OF COLERAINE.
This Countie beareth this name of the Castle of Coleraine upon the North side of the Banne, and not of the Abbey of Coleraine, which is on the other side of the River. It con- tayneth all the Land* between the Rivers of Banne and Lough- foile along the Sea coast. It hath the Sea to East, Tyrone and the Woods of Clanknockkeyne to the West, the Banne to the South, and Loughfoile to the North. There is no man of name in it, But Sir Donald Ocaen and his Freeholders ; This Ocaen is the cheif of O'Neall's Vassalls,b and createth him O'Neall by casting a Shoe over his head upon a Hill in Tyrone.
He is able to make near 200 Horsemen, which are esteemed the best Horsemen that O'Neall hath, and 500 Footmen ;c and because he Lyeth near Scotland, he was well affected to the Scotch and gave them yearlie great relief; he hath 2 strong Castles upon Loughfoyle — Armaghd and Limevady, and upon the Banne, near the Salmond Fishing, 2 Castles — the Castle of Coleraine somewhat defaced yet Wardable, and Castle Roe wherein O'Neall was wont to keep a Ward to receive his part of the Fishing.
a ' all o'Cahan's country.' — B agnail. the Rebellion in Ulster 1596. — Careiv
b ' Uraughts.' Dymmok. Calendar.
In 1590 the Earl of Tyrone re- d 'Anagh.' — Bagnall In 1542 the
nounced meddling with the ' Uriats ;' Lord Dep. and Council wrote to
but saido'Cane was noneof the 'Uriatts,' Henry VIII. about a proude obstynate
being an inhabitant within the county Irysheman called O'Cathan. {Printed
of Tyrone. State Papers, Vol. iii. p. 408). The
c In 1592 'the forces of Colrane were O'Cahans were descended from
400 h. and 1,000 f. {Carew Calendar, O'Cathan, grandson of O'Niall of the
p. 73). ' A garrison should be placed Nine Hostages. They ruled Ciannacta
at Deny, bordering upon O'Cahan, the from at least the year 1138, and were
chief strength of horse that the Earl styled in Irish High (Kings), or Tigh-
has.' — Mr. Francis Shane, Discourse on earna (Lord), or Taoiscach (Chief).
COUNTY OF DUNNIGALL. 29
THE COUNTIE OF DUNNIGALL.
This Countie contayneth all Tyrconnell, and is the greatest of all the Shyres of Ulster, and contayneth all the Land to the River of Fynne northward to the Sea. From the East Sea to the County [River] of Earne near the Countie of Sligo, so hath it the Sea upon the East and North, the River Fynne to the South, and Earne to the West. This Countie contayneth all O'Donnells and Odocherties Countrie. [The first year that the K. came into England this Country was erected into an Earldom, etc.] O'Donnell is Captain and Governor of Tyr- connell, the chief strength of whom standeth upon 2 Septs of People called 0'Gallochiesb and McSwynes who are all Galloglasses [That is men armed with Coates of Mayl Steel Bonetts, Swords and pole axes]. He is able to make about 300 Horsemen and so many more Footmen.0
b ' O'Galchoule.' — Carew Calendar. whom 80 h. and 500 f. were retained
< /-»/- 11 u 11 . z> 71 T by O'Donnell. In 1599 O'Donnell had
O Gallochelles. — Baenall. In ' , , r J r. 1-1
r. z. •* • ™^i_ 1 j 1 180 h. and 1,250 f of whom he kept
Dymmok it is O Chaloganes, and the ... , , , ? r-
. , _,. . ° ' , round him 60 h. and 200 f. — Carew
learned Editor surmises, that perhaps -, , , . ,. „ 71
. . „,TT . , ,„/,■> Calendar. According to Dymmok he
it is O Halagan ; but the Betagh and , . , , , , ,■ , ,
r, „,,cc. • . , ™~ „ , had 3,000 f. and 200 h. for his whole
BagnallMSS. point to the O Gallaghers, °' . TT. . , c.
i * . . 1 . , , .. ,, -,?, c country. 'His country is large, profit-
'a sept which inhabit the middle of ,, ', , , . , -,
rre r, n, ., , t. ■ . „ able and good — a ship under sail may
Tir-Connell, says the 'Description of ° r r , . , , ,1
T , „ , . , , ,-r, ... , , , come to four of his houses. (X.
Lough Foyle in 1601. (Published by „,,,„, . .
tt Z t -n> tt ■ xt o r tt, / Chancellor Citsackin 1552).
Herbert F. Hore, in No. 18 of Ulster . ,. ~ ,,co ,
t £ a 7 \ ^!_ ™^ 11 1 r , According to Carew Mbb. 614,
/ of Arch.) The O'Galchoule of the rtm_ ., * < A. . f T nrAo nf c^Z
Carew MSS. is called 0 ' Gallchubhar in
O'Donnell was ' the best Lorde of fyshe
in Ireland, and exchangeth fyshe alwaies the F. Mast. an. 1586 and 1587. .,,..' . ° r J . ,
J J ' with foreign merchants for wine; by
c ' 200 h. and 1,300 f.' — Bagnall. In which his call in other countries is
1592 there were in O'Donnell's country King of the Fishe? (No. 7 Ulst. J. of
of Tir-connell 310 h. and 2,680 f., of Arch. p. 148-9).
30 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
Between O'Donnell and O'Neall in tymes past hath been continual Warr for the Castle of Liffer and the Lands there- abouts, Lying between both their Countries and bordering upon Loughfoyle, by which means of their dissention it was kept altogether Wast and uninhabitted, until the late Ouene took it into her hands, and made it a Garrison place, and so remayneth unto this day. This controversie was taken away by a double Marriage. Tyrone having married O'donnell's Sister, by whom he hath divers Sonnes, and O'Donnell having married his Daughter, whom many yeares he hath cast off for Barronness.
O'Dogherties Countrie is a promontory almost environed with the Sea, namlie, with Lough Swilly on the South, and Loughfoyle on the North. It is Governed by a Capten, called Sir Caher O'doghertie, who not being of power able to defend himself was forced to contribute both to O'Neall and O'Donnell, and by turne to Serve them both. His Country lying upon the Sea, and upon the Isles of Ila and Jura in Scotland, was wont almost yearlie to be invaded by the Scotch, who tooke the Spoyles at their pleasures, whereby O'Doghertie was forced always to be at their devotions [He was latelie Killed.]
He was able of his own Nation, and others his followers, to make 80 Horsemen and 300 Footemen.d Buildings in this Countrie are the Ordy [Orey]e which is defaced, and Creen Castle/ which is also defaced.
d 60 h. and 300 f. — Bagnall. is one of the sept of the O'Gallocars.
* ' Dery, which is defaced, and Green- He dwelled in 1600 at the Castle and
castle, and [ . . . ] which are ward- Church of Fanne. {Lough Foyle in 1601
able.' — Bagnall. All that follows by H. J. Hore).
about Tir-connell is not in the Bagnall ' On the south syde of the country
MS. at the coming to the Loughe, an ould
The Derie stood three miles above ruined Castle called Newcastle. Here
Culmore ; there the Bishop dwelt, who dwells Hugh Boy mack Caire, one of
COUNTY OF DUNNIGALL. 3 I
This Countie hath some principall Castles belonging to it — ■ Dunigall,6 O'Donnell's chief Hous, from whence the Countie hath the name ; Ballyshannon,h standing upon the Earne, a Strong Hous, by the means whereof O'Donnell passeth the River of Earne at his pleasure, and entereth Conaught in a manner quietlie, Lyffer and Fynne,1 he had also Beleeke and Bundroose beyond the River of Earne on Conaught side ; besides the Abbeys of Dunigall, Asherowe, and Darrie, all ruined saving Dunigall, latelie re-edifyed by the Earl of Tyr- connell, and Sundrie other small Fryries.j
The Principal men in this Countie [It is now in the King's hands and kept with a Garrison. Defaced. Beleke is now the possession of S. H.] are Sir Roger O'donnell, Earle of Tyr- connell, The Bishops of Derrie and Rafoe, Hugh Duff 0'Donnell,k who challengeth a title the whole Countrie. [Hugh Oge Roe, Sonne and heyre to the said S" Hugh by the Daughter of James McConnell. Defaced. S' Hugh, Chief of his name, who hath resigned his place to his Sone and betaken
the O'Doghertie sept ; It is called also of Dunboye ; O'Donnell's mother at the
Greencastle, but in Irish Caiskan nua, forts of McGwyvelin and Cargan.
i.e., the new Castle. — Hore. j The Fryars dwell in the abbayes of
Kil O'Donnell, of Ballaghan, of Asheroe,
s Here is a good haven, and the and of Donegall. Bishop O'Gallogher's
river Esk falls into it, also an Abbey houses were the Derry, the Castle and
and a Castle. Three miles above it is Church of Fanne ; and at the Castle of
Lough Eske, O'Donnell's chief keeping Kilmerrish at the lower end of O'Boyle's
and chief store-house for the warr.— country nved the Bishop of O'Boyle.
Hore- At a Castle and Church called Clon-
h tun. j 11 -ivTcrMT-i 1 meny lives a priest called Amerson.
* 'Where dwells McO Dongonrye. — ,_ , , , ,„ TT ,
TT a j (Condensed from Mr. Hore s Loumh
Foyle in 1601). O'Donnell dwelt at Differ, and Cul k Hugh McHugh Duffe, I presume,
MacTryne; and Neal Garve, at Castle who lived in the Castle of ' Ramaltan,' Fene ; Shane McManus Oge, at the fort which stands upon the Lanan.
32
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1598.
himself to the Monasterie.] Hugh McConnell,1 adopted, who is also a Competitor for the Capitencie, and was many years accompted the Sonne of Dronisk O'Gallochie.
The 2 Sonnes of Con O'Donnell.
S'r Caher O'Doghertie,™ Knight, Capten of his Countrie.
Sir Owen O'Gallochie."
McSwyne Baine.°
McSwyne faine.p
McSwyne a Doagh.q
Quaere, was he the ' Seneschal McGonell who dwelt at the haven of Calboy?'— (See Hore).
m Of this name, the Chief, Sir Cahir, lived at Don-yrish fort, at the Castle of Elloghe (Oilcach), and at the Castle of Birt he had a ward of 40 men ; Hugh Boy McCaire at Greencastle, and his brother Shane M'Duffe at Moville ; Phelimy Og, the chief's brother, at the fort of Culmore. In the island of Ench lives Doultach O'Dogherty ; Conor McGarret O'D. at Buncrana Castle J Phelim Brasleigh O'D. at Car- rigbraghey Castle; Phelim Brasleigh 's two sonnes at the Castle of Caslan- Stoke, and the fort of Don-Owen ; McShane O'Doghertie at Caldanylie.
This country is called Inishowen; the midland country is mostly moun- tainous, and hath few inhabitants. Also in this country Hugh Carrogh M'Loughlin, chief of his sept, dwells in the Castle of Caire MacEwlyn, and Brien Og M'Loughlin at the Castle of Garnegall. (Condensed and arranged from the Description of Lough Foyle, edited by Hore).
" Donel Gallocar, one of O'Donnell's chief councillors, lives at the fort of Ballakit. The O'Galloghers lived in the Baronies of Raphoe and Tirhugh, had a Castle at Ballyshannon, were the Constables of the Castle of Lifford and commanders of O'Donnell's cavalry. Perhaps ' M'O'Dongonry who dwells in Ballashannon,' mentioned in Mr. Horis MS., is a mistake for O'Gallo- gher.
0 dwells at M'Swyn O'Bane's Tower; Hugh Boy McSwyne (O'Bane's brother) at the Castle of Bromoyle.
p At the castle and abbey of Ramel- lan is M'Swyn O'Fane's chief country House ; Menrice (near Red Haven) is also a castle of M'Swyn O'Fanets. Red Haven (where dwells Alexander McDonologe) separates the countries of McSwyne O'Fane's and M'Swyn O'Doe's.
q of the castle of Conogarhen. ' O'Boyle's chief house is O'Boyle, where the ships used to ride.' (The notes in this column are taken from Hore's Lough Foyle).
Our MS. does not state the forces
COUNTY OF DUNNIGALL. 33
All Ulster" is now joined together in Rebellion against the Quene, saving the Countie of Louth, a little piece of land about the Newrie and the Towne of Craigfergus ; all the Captens of Countries are bound to the Earle of Tyrone, either by Affinitie or Consanguinitie or duetie ; for O'Donnell is his Brother-in-law, his first Wife being O'Donnell's Sister, McGwyre is his Coosen Germane, for the Earl's mother was this McGwyres Father's Sister ; Ocaen is his Coosen Germane, for his Father's Sister was Ocaen's mother ; further, Ocaen is his chief Vassell, and of late he hath married this Earle's Daughter, whom O'Donnell hath divorced from him ; McMahon is his near Kinsman ; McGynnes is his Brother-in-law, for his present Lady is McGynnes's Sister.
Tyrone is a man valiant, Temperate and wise, well brought up, partlie in the Court of Ingl., and a Speciall actor in all the Warrs of Ireland these xxx years, whereby he is become a man of great expereance, to which parts some ambition is joyned. He is now become impotent to contayne himself within his bounds ; but Seeketh to Usurpe the whole province.
His forces, when the Countrie is as hath been said, 5,800 Footemen and 1,870 Horsemen, To whom many ill disposed persons from all parts of the Land hath conjoyned themselves,
of O'Donnell's sub-chiefs or Oir-righ, so wild, as never conquered nor quiet ;
viz., 'The Donnelagh's country, be- whollyinrebellionexceptsomescores(?),
twixt the river Fynn and Lough Swilly, the climate unwholesome; the passages
possessed by Con O'Donnell's sons and so difficult as that my Lord Burgh .
McHugh Duff, hath 150 f. and 30 h. ; The General Norreys never could look
McSwyne's cuntry, McS\vine de Band, over the water. Good soldiers well
McSwyne de Fand, and MacSwyne de armed and in blood. The Scottish
Doe, hath 500 f. and 30 h. O'Boyle's islands, which yield men and provisions,
country reached to Calebegge, hath Clyfford betrayed ; Bingham lightly
100 f. and 20 horse.' — SeeCareiv Calen. condemned.' — Memorial for Ireland,
" Ulster. — A country so strong and written in Cecil's hand, Nov. 4, 1598.
E
34
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
besides a certen number of Scots whom he entertayneth upon the Bonnaghts of the Countrie, whereby his Forces will extend to the number of about One [Ten] thousand.5
s The summa totalis of such horse and foote as the Erie of Tyrone hath very lately plotted to be cessed and waged by the several Captaynes and Lords of Cuntries in ye Province of Ulster is foote 8430, horse 1130 ; in all 9560. — Dymmok, p. 30. 'In 1600 the main strength of the chieftains of Ulster was 9000 f. and 800 h.' — Careio Calen- dar, p. 405. In 1598 Capt. Francis Stafford gave ' The List of the Horse and Foot of Ulster under the Earl's command in 1598.' — Cormac M'Baron of Carrick-Teague, 60 h. 200 f. ; Art M'Baron in O'Neale's land, 30 h. 80 f. ; Henry McShane of the Tynan, 30 h. 80 f. ; Phelimy O'N. of Dunavall, 10 h. 40 f. ; Con MTerlagh of the Tynan, 10 h. 40 f. ; Con McHenry, between Tynan and Clougharde, 1 2 h. 40 f. ; Sir Art O'N. of the Onye, 30 h. 50 f. ; Tir- logh McHenry, 50 h. 100 f. ; Cormac O'N. of Lenough, 10 h. 30 f. ; Con O'N., s h. 20 f.; John O'N. of Carrick- Teall, 20 h. 50 f. ; Shane McBryan O'N. and Neal McHugh O'N. (Lords of the Lower Clonduboyes), Neal M'Bryan Erto O'N. and Owen MacHugh O'N. (Lords of Upper Clanduboy), and McSowrlie of the Rowte, 60 h. 200 f. ; ' Tyrone 60 h. for himself and his men, 200 f. under Nugent and Tirrell, and 100 naked Scots with bows ' = 60 h. 300 f. ; Neal O'Guin of Curran, 10 h. 30 f. ; Oge Guin, 20 h. 30 £ ; John M'Donnell Grome of Bunburbe, 8 h. 40 f. ; Edmund Gynelagh of Knock-la-
Glynche, 6 h. 30 f. ; Bryan Carrough McDonnell, 30 h. 60 f. ; O'Mallow (Mallon ? Ed.) of Ellis Flynn, 6 h. 20 f. ; O'Hagan, i6h. 40 f. ; Cormac O'Hagan, ioh. 20 f. ; O'Cane, 60 h. 60 f. ; O'Han- lon, McGenyese, and Brian McArt, So h. 200 f. ; Maguyre, 50 h. 200 f. ; The McMahounds together, 100 h. 300 f. ; O'Donnell, O'Doherty, and Tirconnell, 140 h. 1000 f. Total =1043 h. and 3540 foot. — Carew Calendar, p. 287.
In April 1599, the Ulster forces con- sisted of 1470 h. and 6180 f. The mustering of O'Donnell's forces in that year is thus quaintly chronicled in the Irish Annals : ' First of all assembled the Kinel-Connel, among whom were Hugh Oge (the son of Hugh Duv, son of Hugh Roe, son of Niall Garv O'Donnell) ; and Niall Garv (the son of Con, son of Calvach, son of Manus, son of Hugh Duv) ; O'Dogherty (John Oge, the son of Felim, son of Conor Carragh) ; O'Boyle (Teig Oge, the son of Teig, son of Torlogh, son of Niall) ; MacSuiny Fanad (Donnal, the son of Torlogh, son of Mulmurry) ; MacSuiny Banach (Donogh, the son of Mulmurry Meirgeach, son of Mulmurry, son of Niall) : all these with their forces. To the same rendezvous came Maguire (Hugh, the son of Cuconnacht, son of Cuconnacht, son of Cuconnacht, son of Brian, son of Philip, son of Thomas) ; the son of O'Rourk ; and the MacWil- liam.'
LEINSTER.
Contayneth that portion of Land which was conquered by the Inglysh, including the Counties of Dublin, Kildare, Catherlaghe, Wexford, Kilkenny, King's and Ouene's countie, and latelie one other Countie taken out of the Counties of Dublin and Wexford, called by the name of Wickloe.3
DUBLIN.
Dublin contayneth all the Land from Baleratherie, nere the Countie of Meath, to Bray, which is the Length of the Shyre, and includeth all the Land between the Naas and Dublin, which
a ' The Irish Septs planted in Leinster are, according to Sir H. Sydney's Col- lections, the Bymes, Tooles, Cavanaghes (which is the nation of the Macmur- row), Omores, O'Connores, Odempsyes, Odun.' ' The Irish coursed the English into a narrow circuite of certaine shires in Leinster, which the English did choose as the fattest soyle, most defensible, their proper right, and most open to receive help from England. Hereupon it was termed their pale, as whereout they durst not peepe. But now both within this pale, uncivill Irish and some rebells doe dwell, and without it Coun- treyes and cities English are well go- verned.'— Campion, p. 2 & 4. Ed. 1633.
' Leinster includeth all that ground from Dublin southwarde to the river Suyre, and the Cytty of Waterforde, which parteth it from Munster. The river of Shenin in MacCouglian's country de- videth the west parte fromConnaght and Meath ; northwarde yt endeth with the barony of Balrothryand theryver Boyne, and on the east side it is bounded by the sea. They have gone about of late to add two other shires, the counties of Wicklo and Femes ; but because these two shires are unperfett, not having suf- ficient freeholders and gentlemen to choose Shriffes and other principal officers, or to make a jury for the Queen, they may be well omitted.' — Dymtnok.
36
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
is the bredth thereof. In it is comprehended the Kingsb and the mountains, some of the O'Burnes and O'Tooles, and the crosse of the Countie of Dublin, being the Libertie of the Arch- bishop, also his Hands in the Sea, as Lambay, Ireland's Eye, and Dalkey. So hath it the Sea to the East part, the Counties of Meath and Kildare to the West, the Counties of Caterlaghe and Wicklow to the South, and the Countie of Meath to the North.
In it are Townes, viz. The Citty of Dublin, the seat of the Government,0 the See of the Archbishop Walled with a Barred Haven. Dumboyne Swords
Luske \ market Townes unwalled and without priviledges. Ratoth
' The whole number of the Rebels in this Province of Leinster was 3048 foot and 182 horse.' — Moryson.
' Strangers within Leinster. With Pheagh M'Hugh's sonnes are ye Clamoles with 80 f. ; with Murrogh McEdmimds' sons, 30 Scotts under Donogh Ganco ; of Ulstermen under Con the bastard 800 foote.' — Dymmok. ' The Fastnesses of wood and bogge in Leinster are Glandilore, a fastness in Pheagh McHugh's cuntry. Shilogh in the co. of Dublin. The Duffrin in the co. of Wexford. The Dromes and Leverough in the co. of Catherloghe. The great bogge in the King's Co. called the Tougher. The Fewes in the co. of Kildare. The woodes and bogges of Monasterevan, Gallin, and
Slymarge in the Queen's Co. The Roure near S' Mollines. Part of Con- steragh, joining upon Kilkenny.' — Dymmok, 26.
b The King's lands and the moun- tains of the O'Byrnes, O'Tooles and Banilagh, called Pheagh MacHugh's cuntry, also Shilo and Ferderrogh and the crosse of the country.' — Dymmok.
c ' Dyvelin, the beauty and eye of Ireland, fast by a goodly river. The seat hereof is in many respects comfort- able, but less frequented of marchant strangers because of the bard haven. Its Mayorality,both for state and charge of that office, and for the bountifull hospitality exceedeth any Citty in Eng- land, except London.' — Campion, p. 2 and 96.
DUBLIN.
37
The names of the best Villages in this County.
Balerotherie Clondalkin Kilshaughlin
Hoth Brey Finglass
Newcastle Fieldstowne Ballimore Kingsland
Principal Castles in this Countie are these
Swords | both belonging to the Archbishop of Dublin.
Tallowghe )
Rathfernen [Built by Sr Adam Loftus]
|
Dromconren |
Castle Knock |
|
|
Monckton |
Dunshughlin |
Donibroke |
|
Newcastle |
Dromnaghe |
Malahide |
|
Merron |
Balgriffen |
Belgard |
|
Turvey |
Lucan |
Hoth |
|
Donamore |
Luttrelstone |
|
|
Holme Patrick |
The Ward |
Men of name in
The Arch Bishop of Dublin his Deane and clergie
L. of Hoth his name St. Law- rence [alias Tristram]
Sr Henrie Harrington
Preston of Balmadon
Sir Garot Elmerd
Preston of Tassagard
d Garret Aylmer at Munkton; Talbot of Faghsaghere ; Couran of Wyartstone, Coran of Curragh. Only sixty names are given in the Perambulation of the Pale in 1596 ; there are ninety-eight in
this Countie are Sr Will™ Sarsfield, Kn«-
his hous is Lucan Allen of S' Wolstans Allen of Palmerston Talbott of Balgard Talbot of Templeoge Talbot of Fashd Talbot of Kilmarocke
our manuscript, to which we will add the following from the Perambulation of the Pale : — Ashpoole of Kenleston, John Bath of Balgriffin, Richard Net- terville of Corballies, Philip Couran of
38
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Barnwall of Dromnaghe Walshe of Shaunogherghe
[Shanganagh] Fitzwilliams of Merrion Fitzwilliams of Jobston Sr William Usher of Dona- broke Phelim O'Toole of Powers-
toune Walshe of Kilbegan Walshe of Carrickmayne Harold of the Grange Archbold of Kellister Archbold of Bray- Bath of Dromconraghe Burnell of Castle Knock Hollywood of Tartayne Nugent of Kilmore Golding of the Grange Hackett of Sutton Talbot of Malahide Russell of Seaton Fitzsimons of Swords
Tailor of Swords Caddell of Moreton Caddell of Caddelston Stokes of Knockyngen Wycam of Drynan Blackney of Riknhore Sinothe of Sinot court Foster of Killerghe Sr Chrisr Plunket Knt of Dun-
shoghley Bealing of Bealingston Jordan ofd
Sr Patrick Barnewall of Turvey Barnewall of Broymore Stanihurst of Carduff Cruis of the Naale Conran ofd Beg of Borranston Sedgrave of Killecrlan Barnwall of Dunbroe Scurlock of Rathcredon Hamlen of Smitheston Field of Carduff
Wyartown, Coran of Curragh, Sedgrave of W. . . . , Golding of Tobbirsowle, Fagan of Feltrim, Bath of Balgriffin, Bellew of Weston, Belling of Kilcoskan, Brown of Kissak, Fagan of Feltrim, Cardiff of Dunsink, Dillon of Hunts- town, FitzGerot of Damaston, Fitz- william of Holmpatrick, King of Clon- tarf, Pypho of Hollywood, Plunket of the Grange, Russell of Dryneham,
Walshe of Killegarge, Walshe of Ballawlie, Walshe of Kilgobbon, War- ren of Drumconrath, and Peter Travers of Ballykey. Doubtless Beg of Bor- anstown, Scurlock of Rathcredon, and Finglas of Tippersold are the same as Bigg of Borarstown, Scurlock of Rathcredant, and Finglas of Tobber- ton given in the Carew Calendar, p.
DUBLIN,
39
Luttrell of Luttrelstone Whyte of S' Kathrens Eustace of Confy Dillon of Keppoch Taylor of Feltrim Finglas of Wespelston Finglas of Tippersole Goodman of Laughanston Delahide of Loughfenny Bath of Carrendeston Bath of Beccanston Sarkey of the Hintch Barnwall of Laspelston Bath of the new 1. Tallen of Westonc Bedlow of Reynoldston Hewitt of Gareston Young of Gareston Plunket of Brownston Sedgrave of Borranston Chamberlon of Kilresk Clinshe of Newcastle
Reynold of Newcastle Russell of Newcastle Linche of Mason of Taylor of Ballown Den of Tassagard Fount of Tassagard Lock of Colmanston Tappock of Colmanston Fitzsimons of Balmadroght Protford of Protfordeston Tyrrell of Powerston Byrne of Ballyeane Mangen of Loughton Dungan of Loughton Pierce of Cromelin Caddell of Harbardstone Fitzsimons of the Grange Newtervile of Kilsoghlie Ulverston of Stalorgan and many meane freeholders
Of this Countie of Dublin there is some in this action of Rebellion. The Countrie commonlie called by the late Capten thereof Fewghe McHueh his contrie is full of Woods and Hills that it administereth a mervalous Succour to the Rebells that lie therein, for there they lie safelie in a manner, and the Cattle having pasture in abondance can hardlie be driven away there being so few Entries and Outgates into the Countrie. In this
First written Callen, and then the C was changed to T.
40
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
the Rebells remaynes commonlie all day, and in the beginning of the Night they come abroad and wast the Countries farr and nere, and the Vicinitie of this Countrie to Dublin doth much annoy the Cittie,f for it being within four or Five Miles of the Cittie, the Cittie is constreyned to keep strong watch least on a sudden these Rebells that Lurke in these Mountains do set the Suburbs on Fire which hath heretofore been done by them in the Goverment of the late L. Grey. The now head Capten of this Countrie is called Phelim McFewghe8 who is able to make some 300 or 400 Footmen but no Horsemen. He is confederat
f Campion thus quaintly speaks of the Dublin mountaineers : — 'While the Deputy staggered uncertain of continu- ance, the Tooles and the Cavanaghes waxed cockish in the Countie of Divelin, ranging in flocks of seven or eight score, on whom set forth the Marshal and the Sheriffes of Divelin, Buckley and Gygen, with the cities helpe, and overlaid them in sudden skirmishes, of which three score were executed for example.' — Campion's Historie, p. 124. Ed. of 1633.
s ' Those that dwell even within the sight of the smoke of Dublin are not subject to the laws. The very gall of Ireland, and the flame from which all others take their lights is our next neighbour Pheaghe M'Hugh, who, like one absolute within himself, with his den of thieves, ruleth all things in his own country at his own will, refusing in person to come to the Governor, and spoiling his neighbours, who for fear dare not complain. His force does not exceed one hundred persons. His
neighbours would help to cut him off. The Cavanaghs, who rely upon him, are entered into the like kind of life.' — Sir G. Careiu to Mr. Vice- Chamberlain, Nov. 1590, Carew Calendar.
Fewghe or Fiach, though not the chief of the O'Byrnes, was the most warlike and powerful man of his name since the death of Dunlang, who was the last inaugurated O'Byrne. He was chief of that sept of the O'Byrnes called Gaval-Rannall, and lived in Glen- malure. His battles and victories are recorded in several poems of the Lcab- har Branach, or Book of the (J Byrnes. The jealousy of the senior branches of the O'Byrnes led to his betrayal and death. Fiach left three sons, viz : Felim who was M.P. for Wicklow in 16 13; Raymund and Torlogh ; also a daughter, who was m. to Walter Reagh FitzGerald. His eldest son, Felim, had eight sons and a daughter, of whom the eldest, Brian, had a son Shane McBrian McFelim of Ballinacor, who was a Colonel of the Confederate army in
DUBLIN.
41
with Tyrone and comonlie doth most mischief when the companies withdrawes from Dublin ether against Tyrone or the Omoores, then do they besturr themselves burning, Spoiling, and praying thereby Seeking either to draw back the Forces from any pro- secution, or else to divide the Forces and so to weaken them that they may either be the more easiliee overthrown or be com-
164 1, in which also Hugh, a grandson of Fiach, was a lieutenant-colonel. After the year 1641 the family of Ballinacor disappears from history. — See O' Donovan' s Notes to Four Masters, an. 1597.
' Fiach McHugh continually troubleth the State, though he lyeth under their nose ; plays the Hex, gives heart and succour and refuge to all against her Majesty. Through his boldness and late good success the rebels Byrnes and Tooles threaten perill even to Dublin over whose necke they contin- ually hang. He is a most dangerous enemy to deal withall. Through his own hardinesse lifted himself to such a height, that he dare now front Princes and make tearmes with great potentates. . . . A thousand men should be laid in six garrisons in order to reduce him — 200 f. and 50 h. at Ballinacor to shut him out of his great glynne ; at Knocke- lough, 200 f. and 50 h. to answer the co. of Catherlagh ; at Arclo or Wicklow 200 f. and 50 h. to defend all on the Sea side ; in Shilelagh 100 f. to cut him off from the Kavanagh's and Wexford about the Three Castles 50 h. which should defend the co. of Dublin ; at Talbotstown 100 f. to keep him from
breaking out into Kildare and to be always on his necke on that side. These garrisons will so busie him that he shall never rest at home nor stir abroad but he shall be had ; as for his Creete they cannot be above ground and must fall into our hands. By good espialls, whereof there they cannot want store, they shall be drawn continually upon him ; so as one of them shall be still upon him, and sometimes all at once, bayting him — unto the eternall quietness of that Realme.' — Abridged from Spencers View, p. 81. Ed. 1633.
The Four Masters thus record his death : ' Fiach, son of Hugh, son of John from Glenmalure was slain in the first month of Summer in this year, having been treacherously betrayed by his relation at the bidding of the Chief Justiciary of Ireland, Sir W. Russel.'
Carew called him ' the firebrand, the gall of Ireland, the ancient traitor of Leinster.' In 1596 Elizabeth made offers, ' honorable for herself and not over hard for Fiach:' 1st, 'Pardon for himself, his wife, sons and followers; and restoration to his house and livings by letters patent, yielding some ser- vice. If he insists on getting back Bal- linacor and will not be reduced without
F
42
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
pelled more warlie to prosecute the Rebells. All the Gents betwixt Dublin and these mountains do daylie susteyn great losse in their Goods, and sometimes lose their Lives.11 There is joyned with this Phelim some few of the Walshes, and some of the O'Tooles}
it, let him have it, and hold it of the Queen, who is at great charges to keep it. 2nd, He must promise to banish all strangers,' etc
h The joy of these gentlemen of Dub- lin at Fiach's death appears from the following entries in the Lord Deputy's Journal : ' May 8, Sunday. — Early in the morning our foot entered the Glynnes, and fell into that quarter, where Fiach lay ; and coming several ways on him, it pleased God to deliver him into our hands, being so hardly followed, as that he was run out of breath, and forced to take a cave, where one Milborne, sergeant to Cap- tain Lea, first lighted on him, and the fury of our soldiers was so great as he could not be brought away alive ; there- upon the said sergeant cut off Fiach's head with his own sword, and presented his head to my Lord, which with his carcass was brought to Dublin to the great comfort and joy of all that pro- vince. Many of his followers were slain and 200 cows were taken with much pillage, which was divided among the soldiers. My Lord returned to Rathdrome, and there before the fort Knighted Sir Calistinas Brooke, Sir Thomas Maria Wingfield, and Sir Richard Trevers. 9th of May. — My Lord rode to Dublin. All the way the
people of the country met him with great joy and gladness, and as their manner is, bestowed many blessings on him for performing so good a deed and delivering them from their long oppres- sions. The Council, divers noblemen, and the citizens of Dublin with many others met his lordship, and he was welcomed with universal joy.'
O'Sullivan Beare says that he was betrayed by some one in whom he had the greatest confidence, 'quodam, quern fidissimum habebat, prodente et hostes ducente.' Dr. O'Donovan thought it was Cahir McHugh Duffe ; perhaps it was Hugh Duffe himself who figures in Russell's Journal as ' being out on service,' and as ' certifying that he had taken certain of the traitors' heads.'
Russell's Journal tells us that Fiach's wife, Rosa O'Toole was found guilty of treason and ' sentenced to be burned.' A constant entry in this Journal is, ' Heads of so many of Fiach's followers brought in.' If followers meant hus- bandmen, or old men or women of his clan, the journal is black indeed. On the 9th of March 1597, 'my Lord pledges his word to Ormond that he will pardon Garret McMurtagh if he cut off 20 heads of rebel kernes.'
' However, on St. Patrick's Eve 1597, Phelim O'Toole brought in one
DUBLIN.
43
This Countie of Dublin is verie fruitfull, and yealdeth great plentie of all kind of cornes ; but if the Rebells fear prosecution, they burn the Corn that the Subject may not have means to
head to the Deputy and made a prisoner of one of Fiach's followers. In 1595 Sir H. Harrington ' complained of Capt. Lea about the murdering of one of the O'Tooles, protected by Council.' Old Sir Owen O'Toole, Knight, though the Lord Deputy pledged his word he should not be molested, was imprisoned for six years, from the hardships of which he died. — (See Carew Calendar. pp. 89, 153). Felim O'Toole of Teara- Cualann lived at Powerscourt ; he and Brian O'Toole forfeited their territory of ' Fercuolen,' which was five miles in length and four in breadth. O'Toole of Castlekevin, was Fiach O'Byrne's brother-in-law. His son Fiach, was deprived of his property by James I. ; in 1 641 he was a Colonel in the Con- federate Army in which two of his sons held commissions as Lieut-Colonel and Major.
The Wexford O'Tooles are the most respectable representatives of the name.
According to the Carew Calendar the O'Tohills, O'Bernes, the Galli- glasses with other Irish septs had 500 men whereof 200 were horse. Moryson is more explicit, and perhaps more accurate. He says : — ' The Mountainers of Dublin have 480 h. and 20 f. They are Felim McFeagh, and his brother Redmond with their sept of the O'Byrnes, and Phelim McFeagh with his sept of the O'Tooles, and Walter
McEdward, chiefe of the gallowglasses, with his sept of the MTJonnells. Only two castles, Newcastle and Wickloe, Sir H. Harrington held for the Queen, and all the rest of the countrie contin- ued loyal.' — Moryson, p. 31.
Essex tells us that near this castle of Wickloe Harrington 'was overthrown in 1599, and our troops, having advan- tage of number and no disadvantage of ground were put in rout and many cut to pieces without striking a blow. I called a martial court upon the captains and officers. Walshe, lieutenant to Captain Loftus, was executed ; the other captains and officers were all cashiered and imprisoned ; the soldiers were all condemned to die; but were pardoned, and only every tenth man was executed. Sir H. Harrington, be- cause he is a privy councillor in this Kingdom, I forbear to bring to trial till I know her Majesty's pleasure.' — Essex to Privy Council, July n, 1599.
At Dublin Sir H. Foulkes commands the L. Lieutenant's guard of 200 f. In Fingall and the Navan 300 horse under Sir W. Evers, Sir H. Davers and J. Jephson; in the co. of Dublin 60 h. under Sir H. Harrington, Sir E. Her- bert, Sir Gerald Aylemer, and Murrogh McTeig Oge ; Sir J" Talbot has 22 f. undisposed; Sir Wil. Warren has 50 horse and 100 f. at Newcastle. — Mory- son, p. 43.
44 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
relieve the Soldiers in the tyme either of prosecution or cessation, whereupon ensueth extream miserie either to the Countrie man Souldier, or both; for the Souldiers being for the most Part dis- ordered and verie Licentious, will violentlie draw from the poor Husbandman that which shou'd sustain himself and his Familie, and so doth dailie drive him to begg, or if the Souldier be res- treyned which seldom falleth out, he perisheth for want of Food, of both which these last years hath given infinit Examples, and it is to be feared that if the Cornes be burnt up this Winter that there will be little Sowing of Summer Corn this year, and con- sequentlie a dearth and plague, which comonlie followeth dearth, the next year.
THE COUNTIE OF KILDARE.
This Countie hath Dublin to the East, Catherlogh to the South, the Kings and Ouenes Counties to the West, and Meath to the North. It reacheth no where the Sea ; in it are no Townes of importance, saving Castledermott and Athie, which hath been walled but now ruined, and the Townes of Kildare, Kilcullen, Naas, Leslip, and Maynooth, the principall fors of the Earles of Kildare with other Scattered Villages.3 It hath many Fayre Castles and Houses.
The Castle of Kildare, j the Earks of Kildare>
Castle of Maynooth, J
S'- Wolstans, a Hous belonging to Mr- Allen,
The Castle of Leslip belonging to Mr- Whyte,
a ' Divers proper villages lie scattered about the cuntrie,' says Dymmok, who dispatches the county of Kildare in four lines.
COUNTIE OF KILDARE. 45
S1- Kathrens a Hous belonging to him, also
Lecagh a Castle belonging: to one of the Geraldines,
Kilkea a Hous of the Earles of Kildare,
Woodstock a Castle of the Earle of Kildares,
Castle martin belonging to Mr- Eustace,
Carberie belonging to one Coolie,
Domfert to oneb .... Reban belonging to Henrie Lee,
Mottinsey,
Monasterevan or the pleasant Abbey, belonging to the L. Cromwells,
Baltinglass belonging to Sr- Henry Harrington, sometyme the chief Hous of the Viscount Baltinglass,B
Rathangan a Castle of the Earle of Kildares, latelie raysed by the Rebells,
Rathcoffy,c
Tipper a hous belonging to one Sutton,
Osberts Toune belonging to one FitzGerrald.
b To one Bremingham. — See infra. B The monastery of Baltinglass, In the church of Dunfierth near Enfield, founded by McMorogh in 1148, was there is, or was not long ago, a sepul- granted, with its manor and castle, to chral effigy carved in high relief, re- Sir Th. Eustace in 1541 ; his grandson, presenting a knight in complete plate the third Viscount Baltinglass, confed- armour; round the neck was suspended erated with the OByrnes, and with them by a chain a large crucifix — according to slew 800 English at the battle of Glen- tradition it represents one of the Ber- malure, in 1580; after the defeat of minghams. Elizabeth wrote to the Desmond in 1583, he retired to Spain Council, Nov. 1599: 'What will be the and his lands were confiscated. His answer of the traitor (O'Neil) for the brother William's descendant, C. S. last treason of the bridge where Es- Eustace, Esq., of Robertstown, claims mond's company was defeated, and the title. — See O 'Sullivan Sere's Hist. what reason will he yield for usurping Cath., Lewis's Top. Diet, Burke's Peer- so unjustly in the time of the Cessation age.
to place Bremingham in the county of c Belonging to Wogan. — See infra
Kildare.' — Car. Cat., Nov. 6, 1599. and the Car. Cal.
46
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Principal men* in this Cotmtie are :
Gerrote Earle of Kildare, Long of the Dour,
David Sutton,
Fitz Gerrald of Allen,
Flatesburie of Johnston,
Fitzgerrald of Osbertston,
Edwd- Fitz James of Blackball,
Eustace of Castlemartin, Barnet of Reban, called S'-
Michell now belonging- to
Hen. Lee, Wolf of Benford,
d The Clongowes MS. gives 58 names; the Car. Cal. contains only 35 — from both we gather the names of 72 gentle- men, of whom 13 were FitzGeralds, 8 Eustaces, 4 Berminghams, and 4 Aylmers. The only remaining repre- sentatives of any of these seventy-two gentlemen are the Duke of Leinster, FitzGerald of Geraldine, Eustace of Ballymore-Eustace, the Aylmers (for- merly) of Lyons, of Donadea, of Pains- town, and of Courtown. — See Walforcts County Families.
e This name would show that our 'Description' was written before 1585, or in or after 1599 ; since Gerot E. of Kildare died in 1585, and the next of the name of Gerot got the title in 1599. The former Garret was some time a prisoner in the Tower. His son Henry, who had married a d. of the Earl of Nottingham, enjoyed the title until 1 597- 'The L. Deputy, having taken the fort of Blackwater, was with the whole army rendering thanks to God'; the Irish interrupted their prayers, and in the conflict killed ' Sir F. Vaughan, the L. Deputy's brother-in-law ; R. Turner, the Serjant Major of the Army;
and two foster-brothers of the E. of Kildare, who, with his troop of Horse served valiantly upon the Rebells, and tooke the death of his foster brothers so to heart (after the education of the Irish) as shortly after he died. Many also were wounded of whom T. Walker was of chiefe name.' — Moryso/i. O'Neil in his letter to the King of Spain writes : ' Kildare was hurt and died of his hurt;' but Carew wrote in the mar- gin, 'a lie; he died of no hurt.' O'Sul- livan-Bere says: ' Kildare was unhorsed by push of pike, and was wounded ; but was put on horseback again by his two Irish foster-brothers, named O'Hickey, who were killed while saving him. Kildare died a few days afterwards.' The Four Masters say that ' in conse- quence of a wound or of a fever he went homewards, and died at Drogheda and his brother William was installed in his place. William with eighteen chiefs of Meath and Fingall was drowned coming from England,' in 1598; and 'his kinsman Garret, the son of Edward, son of Garret, son of Thomas, son of John Cam succeeded.' He was 14th Earl, and with a dispen-
COUNTIE OF KILDARE.
47
Baronet/ of the Noraghe, Eustace of Blackrath, Sutton of Tipper, Eustace6 of Rochfort of Laraghes, Fitzgerrald of Dunor, Owgan of Newhall, Eustace of Mulahasse,
Sherlock of the Naas, Owgan ofh
Fitzgerrald of Leccaghe, Young of Newton, Browne of Browneston, Fount of Founteston, Pipard of Young of Youngstone,
sation from the Pope, married his second cousin Elizabeth who was a d. of the 14th Baron of Delvin and was born in the Tower of London. This Garret, according to O'Sullivan, was poisoned by the English in 16 12.
f Wesley or Wellesly was Baronet of the Noragh. The Car. Cal. has ' Wesley at the Norragh ' in Kildare ; and again, ' Garrat Westie (Wesley ?) of the Dengin ' in Meath. The Wes- leys of the Dangan came to Ireland in 1 172, and are ancestors of the Duke of Wellington through Alison Wesley of Dangan, who was married to Sir Henry Colley and died in 1597. Among those pardoned by the English govern- ment in 1598 was R. Wesley; and in 1 600 ' Walter Wesley of the Narrowe,' co. of Kildare, and Richard Wesley. — See Morrin s Cal. of Close Rolls, ad an. 1598 and 1600.
g There are five Eustaces in our MS. ; but this Eustace, mentioned with- out the name of his place, may be ' E. at Newlande, E. at Cradockstowne, E. at Coffy, or E. at Clangloswoodd.' This is clearly Clongoweswood near
Clane, to which our MS. belongs. — See Car. Cal. , Peramb. of the Pale, p. 191.
"Wogan of Rathcoffy.— Car. Cal This family produced some remarkable men, of whom the Editor of this book published an account some years ago. John Wogan was twice ruler of Ire- land in the 14th century; R. Wogan was High Chancellor in 1443; Colonel Wogan of Rathcofty saved the King's life at the battle of Nazeby ; young Captain Wogan's enterprising character has been drawn by Clarendon, and by Walter Scott in Waverley. Sir Charles Wogan of Rathcoffy, a near kinsman of the aforesaid colonel and nephew of Talbot Duke of Tirconnell, a Roman Patrician and Senator, and Colonel in the Spanish Army, 'with but 1400 men held out for four hours against 20,000, losing half his soldiers, and thus secured a victory and conquest for the Prince he served.' He was one of the most dashing and daring men of his day, and, with the help of three Irish officers, he rescued Maria Sobieski from an Aus- trian fortress and brought her safe to
48
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Creaff of Thomaston, Wale of Elmer1 of Lions, Allen of S'- Wolstanes, Allen of Kilheele, Weslie of Barringstone, Fitzgerrald of Brecaston, Fitzeerrald of Breton, Whytek of Sherlockstone, Fitzgerrald of Kilune, Fitzgerrald of the Grange, Bremingham of Doinfert, Bremingham of Corrikeris, Bremingham of the Graunge,
Rome to the Pretender, whose fiancee she was. All Europe wondered at this exploit, and the Duke of Wharton complimented him on it thus : ' Great in your verse as on the martial
scene, Whose essay was to free a captive
Queen.'
'' Also Aylmer at Clancurry, Aylmer at Downada, and Aylmer at Hardwell. — Car. Cal. The head of the Aylmer family and representative of the Aylmers of Lyons is Michael Valentine Aylmer, Esq., Deny, Rathcabbin, co. Tipperary. ' Aylmer of Downada,' the ancestor of Sir Gerald G. Aylmer of Donadea Cas- tle, was son of A. of Cloncurrie, and grandson of A. of Lyons. His lady was the widow of Viscount Baltinglass
k 'and Whyte of Leixlip'— Car. Cal.
BreminoTiam of Rosewood, Misset of Dowdingleston, Calf of Duriforth, Fleming of the Naas, Golding of Harberston, Eustace of Ballecotlan, Dongan of Fontistone, Cowley1 of Carberrie, Sr Edward Fitzgerald,™ Knt., Walshes of Morten, Stanihurst of Ballincapoch, Buggon of Rathmore, H owlet of Rathmore, Row of Branganston,
' at Carbry Castle.'— Car. Cal. He was the direct ancestor of Wellington. He was grandson of Walter Colley, Solicitor-General and then Surveyor- General for Ireland. In 1595, as ap- pears from Sir W. Russell's Journal, ' the L. Deputy went to the Nasse (Mr. Coolie's) ; also in April, that year, Lieut. Greemes brought in one Hall, a priest, taken at the Lady Colie's house ; he was committed close prisoner to the Castle of Dublin.'
ra Also, ' FitzGerald at Castle Iskin, F. at Ballysonan, and F. at Dunnocks.' To which may be added from the Car. Cal., 'Allie at Rathbrede, Beling at Killussy, Cheevers at Rathmore, Sir Wm- Sarsfield at Tully, Sarsfield at Turning, Herbert at Collanstowne, Sir H. Warren at Castletowne, and Sir Harry Harrington at Golmoorstowne.'
COUNTIE OF KILDARE.
49
Fitzphillips of Clain, Branaghe of Leslip, Fyan of Leslip,
Tyrrell of Ardchille, Delahide of Moyglare.
Few of this Countie" are yet entered into action of Rebel- lion, saving some younger Brethren of the Geraldines that followed Thomas, base Brother of this Earle of Kildare's, into Rebellion, who was apprehended and Executed by the Earle of
n ' Touching the five shires of the English Pale, though many of them have showed more backwardness to answer the service and their own de- fence than were meet, which, we think, groweth more upon their poor estate and waste of their countries, than of any wilfulness or corrupt mind; yet in many of the meaner sort, upon the bor- ders towards the North and the co. of Kildare some of the Bastard Garral- dines, especially two base brothers of the now Earl of Kildare are in open rebellion with two of the Eustaces.' — ■ State of Ireland in 1597. ' Kildare is for the most part spoiled, wasted and consumed by burning or otherwise, save some castles, where the owners do shroud themselves from the rebels. This waste has been caused by the in- cursions of the rebels, the daily out- rages and disorders of the soldiers and the burthens imposed by the governors, the Council and the commanders.' — Car. Cal.,p. 260. 'Two base brethren of the Earl of Kildare, called the Bastard Geraldines, having drawn to them a number of loose people, do range up and down the Pale, extorting meat,
drink and money at their own wills, and so terrify the subjects as many do for- sake their dwellings. These Bastard Geraldines are now upon protection, and what will further come of them we know not, having often written to the Earl of Kildare to temper with them and to stay them, but we have not as yet heard anything from him.' — Report of the Dublin Council, 5th Nov. 1597. ' In Kildare James Fitz Piers a Geral- dine, Sheriff of the shire, the two Bas- tard Geraldines, one (some) of the Delahydes, Glashane O'Dempsie, and Lisaghe O'Dempsie with the rest of the O'Dempsies, and certain of the Eus- taces of kindred to (of the sept of) the late Viscount Baltinglasse attainted are in actual rebellion ; their forces are 230 f. and 30 h. (220 f. and 30 h.).' — Car. Cal., State of Ireland, April 1599/ but the words in parenthesis are from Moryson.
The Queen's troops in Kildare were : ' Horse, — in and about the Nasse : Earl of Kildare, 50 ; Capt. R. Greame, 50 ; Capt. Gifford, 25 ; Capt. Lee, 12. Foote, — in and about the Nasse were : Earl of Kildare, 150; Earl of South-
G
5o
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
Ormond. These, becaus they have no head of themselves and are but few, they abide out of their owne countrie amongst Strangers, and serve onlie for Guyders to Lead others through the Countrie.0
THE COUNTIE OF CATHELAGH.
This Countie is a long slip of Land lying for the most part between the 2 Rivers Slaine and Barrowe, and contayneth divers Baronies ancientle inhabited by the Inglyshe, but not long after the conquest a good part thereof was recovered by the Cavan- aghs, which did inhabit both it and the Countie of Wexford.a
ampton, 200; Sir M. Morgan, 150; Sir T. Loftus, 100; Williams, 150; Esmond, 150; W. McEdmond, 100 ; E. Loftus, 100; Lea, 100; Eustace, 100; J. Masterson, 100; Flood, 100; Trevor, 100. '• — Moryson, p. 43.
0 The following Kildare worthies were pardoned in 1598 and 1600, so I presume they aided the ' Geraldines ' : ' Piers Walshe Fitz Piers of Moynally, and Howel Walshe; Wm- Fitz Oliver FitzGerald ; R. Fitz Maurice Fitz G. ; W. Fitz Maurice Fitz G. ; W. Fitz Ed- ward Fitz G., W"- Bremingham of Uunfert ; E. Bremingham of Derite ; R Bremingham Fitz James ; Garret Bremingham Fitz Redmond; Richard Mac William Oge Bremingham of Muckland, Cecily Linch his wife, W°- B. his son, and Piers Fitz James Brem- ingham, Gerald Wogan of the Down- ings ; R. Wesley, Walter Wesley of the
Narrowe ; Wm- Eustace of Castlemartin ; Christopher Eustace of Ballycallen and Ellinor his wife ; Thomas Rochford of the Laragh ; Donal Enos and Wm- Moony of the Laroghs ; Sir W"1, Sars- field of Lucan; Christopher Flattesburie of Johnstown ; Carroll, Boylan, and Ashe of the Naas ; Keatinge, Doyne, Gilliglas O'Scott, Brenan, Morogh O'Hanlon, O'Conlan, D. O'Byrne, H. O'Byrne, O'Kellie, Coffie, O'Halegan, O'Donnell, Tallen, O'Rhawley;'— See Morrins Cal. of Close Rolls.
a The Cavanaghs held the strong mountain fastnesses lying between the Counties of Wexford and Carlow, and extending down the left bank of the Barrow to the neighbourhood of New Ross. In the description accompany- ing Speed's Maps we read : ' Cavcnaghi hie {i.e., in Carlow) circumquaque agunt, in numerosam familiam propagati — viri
COUNTIE OF CATHLAGH.
51
It hath in it certan high mountains upon the East part and the rest of the Countrie is nere plain. The third part of the whole Shyre is accompted to belong to the Earle of Ormond and his brother Sr Edmond Butler. One baronie called Idrone was the ancient Inheritance of Sr Peter Carew.b
This Countie is bounded with the Countie of Kildare to the North, with the Ouene's Countie to the West and Southwest, and Kilkenny to the East and Southeast. It hath onlie one Towne called Catherlaghe, from which the Shyre hath its name.
Principall Castles are : —
Catherlaghe, Leighlin, Rathvilley, Fortovollon,c
Tully,
Sl Mollins,
Cloughgrenan,
Rathmore.
bell ko si, sed qui per mutuas clades se quotidie conficiunt.' Circa 1568 five Cavanaghs owned Idrone East. In 1587 Murtagh C. chief of his name, dwelt at Garryhill, though his chief house was the Castle of Rathnegarry in Idrone. As he was wantonly mur- dered by Dudley Bagnall's men in 1587, his two sons made a raid on Bagnall's land, plundered it, and being pursued, killed Bagnall and thirteen of his men, inflicted on him sixteen wounds, drew his tongue out of his mouth and slit it. — Kilk. Arch. Jour,
Three years afterwards Hugh O'Don- nell was helped to escape from the Castle by ' a certain renowned warrior of Leinster, Art Cavanagh by name, who was a champion in battle and a commander in conflict.' — Four Masters. Belonging to Sir Dudley Bagnoll. —
Dymmok. In the Kilk. Jour, of Arch., April 1870, the Rev. J. Hughes gives an account of this barony, from which we take the following details : The ninth Earl of Ormonde purchased the Dullogh and gave it to his son Sir Edward Butler. Carew claimed it in right of his ancestors and in 1568 got possession of Idrone from the Sheriff of Carlow. Sir Edward, who had done great service against the O'Mores, re- belled, and after holding out for some time was pardoned in 1573. He had four sons, one of whom succeeded to the father's estates in 1603, got the title of Viscount Tullophelim, and married the only daughter of his uncle Ormond, but died without issue.
c ' In the co. of Catherlagh, being little and all wasted, the castles of Car- logh and Laghline, and her Majesty's
52
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Principall
Gentlemen : —
Sr Edmond Butlerd Dudley Bagnoll'se sons
house of Femes, held by the Queene's Warders, and six castles belonging to the Earl of Ormond held for the Queene, but the Cavanaghs and Key- tons were in rebellion.' — Moryson, p.
' The Earl of Ormonde's chief manor there is Ravelly, and his territories reach along Clonmore and Fortanolan to Arclow.' — Car. Cat. The Fothart O'Nolan, or country of O'Nolan is now the barony of Forth in the co. of Car- low. O'Flaherty in his Ogygia, p. iii., c. 64, says O'Nolan the last proprietor and chief of this territory died a short time before O'Flaherty wrote his book, so there must have been a chief of that name in 1598. O'Heerin thus sings of the chief in his time :
' O'Nuallain, hero without fault Chief prince, fine and bountiful of Fothart.'
O'N. was senior Vassal of McMurrogh ; ' O'N., the Lord of Fotharta was slain in 1133; his son was slain in 1154; Shan O'N. was chief of Fogharta in 1394; and in 1406 Laighsech O'N. the royal heir of Foghart died.'— See Four Masters and Annals of Loch Ce.
d Sir Edmond Butler of Cloghgren- nan, was brother of Ormond, and is called Edmond an Caladh (of the Port) by the Four Masters. In 1569 this Edmond and his brother Edward ' seized at the fair of Eniscor-
thy, on Great Lady Day, an immense quantity of property — horses, cattle, gold, silver and foreign goods ; but Ormond having returned made peace for his Kinsmen with the State.' In 1582, these brothers with their cavalry, galloglasses, and giomanachs were de- feated by the Earl of Desmond. In 1596 this Edmond, son of James, son of Pierce Roe, son of James, son of Edmond, son of Richard Butler, was imprisoned for the crimes of his sons who turned out to plunder.' — See Four Masters. In 1596 the Lord Deputy wrote to him : ' Your son, Pierse But- ler, hath received a commandment to come to us, and yet hath obstinately refused to do so : these are therefore to will and command you to apprehend him and deliver him to his uncle, the Earl of Ormonde.' In the month ot December 1596, the heads of his son James and two others were sent to the Deputy; and in 1597 his son Pierse was taken and executed by his own uncle Ormond, who sent his head to Dublin. — See Car. Cat.
e Sir W. S'- Leger was governor of the fort of Leighlin, had 150 men, and was guardian of Dudley Bagnall's son, who owned Idrone Barony. — Car. Cat., p. 191. Dudley's brother, Marshal B. owned the premises and castle of Leighlin Bridge until his defeat and death by O'Neil in 1598. Dudley's son, Sir Nicholas B. was constable of
COUNTIE OF CATHLAGH.
53
Sr William Harpolef The Heirs of Henry Dowels Edmond Gline
Turloghe McDonnell Galliglass The Bishop of Laghlein, the Sonnes of Bryan McCawer
Cavanaghg of S' Molins
the Castle of Leighlin in 1602. Dud- ley's grandson, Colonel Walter B. had an Irish mother, who was d. of the nth Earl of Ormond ; he was a Catholic, and though a Confederate officer, he allowed Ormond's army to pass Leigh- lin Bridge and thus enabled Ormond to escape from Owen Roe. He was tried for ' murder ' by the Parliament- arians, was put to death in 1652 ; his property of 15,000 acres in Idrone was confiscated, as he was ' an Irish papist] and his brother Colonel Thomas Bag- nail was ' transplanted' into Connaught as ' an Irish papist] — See the papers published by Mr. Prendergast in Kilk. Arch. J. of i860.
' Perhaps a son of Hartpole, con- stable of Catherlogh who died in 1594, aged 70, whose effigial tomb was found many years ago in the cemetery of S'' Mary, Castle Hill, Carlow. ' He was matched with a Coltyonean (i.e., an O'Birne) and was a maintainer of rebels.' — Survey of Ireland in 1572 and 1602. The Car. Cal. mentions a William Wall ; who, I presume, was of the Carlow family of Wall that after- wards rose to some eminence in France. The Survey of Ireland circa 1575 and circ. 1602 says, ' there are in Carloe
Keating's kerne ill-disposed and now rebels.'
e ' Garret McMurtagh Cavanagh, Morgan McBrian Cavanagh at Poble Tymolin.' — Car. Cal., p. 191.
According to the Cavanagh Pedigree in the Kilk. Arch, foumalof July 1856, Donnell Spaineach fl. 1600, attainted an. 1617, was father of Sir Murrough M'Morrough ; Morgan, son of Brian of Borris (who died in 1572) d. 1636; his great grandson was governor of Prague in 1766; Murtogh attainted in 1605 ; Dowling Cavanagh of Ballyleigh lived in 1598 ; Art McMorrough Kavanagh of Borris is the 7 th in descent from Mor- gan of Borris who died in 1636.
The ' Sects of the Cavanaghes in Carloe: (1) Morchage of Garlile [Gar- ryhill — Ed.] chief of that sect. (2) Gerard McCahairCarragh of Glennmulle [Clonolyn — Ed.] chief of another. (3) Cahir Begge of Leinerocke chief of another sect. (4) Bryan McMurtagh of the country of the Melaghe, chief of another sect. (5) Bryan McCahir McArte, dwelling in the barony of S'' Malyne, between Sir Peter Carew and Rosse on the river of Barrouglie — all open rebels or doubtful ; and Bryan McCahir McArte, a notable rebel, who
54
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Hugh
Owen O'Gormoghan
John Barrie.
killed Browne in 1572, with a number of other good gentlemen of Wexford. The Coltyoneans alias Byrnes notable rebels ; all the rest faithful to her Majesty. Wm. McHubberd, chief of these hanged in 1602. There are 10 septs of the Kavanaghes, i.e. : (1) Gerald M'Moridaghe Oge of Slught Mori- taughe; he is upon protection; his sept in rebellion ; his house Rathengerge in O'Dorne. (2) Brian McDonoghe (both of these are of Slewght Morrogh Bal- laghe), upon protection ; his house Castle Balliboghare in O'Dorne. (3) Morietaghe McDonogh, dead ; his sept in rebellion. (4) Morietagh McMorish in rebellion ; both these septs are of Slewght Ayte More ; both these men's lands in O'Dorne. (5) Dowghe McCahir in rebellion ; his house was the castle of Fenes. (6) Donell McDowghe alias Donell Spanaghe in rebellion ; his chief house was Huysceethy. (7) Dermond McMorish a pensioner in pay ; his sept in rebellion ; those three septs are of Slewght Donell Reaghe ; his pension in Kilkennin in Wexford. (8) Morogh McBrian upon protection ; his sept in rebellion ; he is of Slewght Dermond Langrett ; his land in S'- Nolin in Wexford. (9) Moroghe Leighe McCahir dead ; his sept in rebellion ; he is of Slewght Art More ; his land in S'- Nolin in Wexford.' — Suri'ey of Ireland,
written circ. 1574, with additions circ. 1597 and 1602. Car. Cal. in year 1603. p. 447.
'In 1597 there were some of the Butlers who range up and down the borders of Carlowe having of their adherancy some of the Connaughts {sic. perhaps bonnaughts — Ed.) and sundry of the O'Tooles and OByrnes.' — State of Ireland, Car. Cal.
' In 1599 most of the Cos. of Carlow and Wexford were in rebellion ; the chief in these two counties are the Kevanaghes, who with their followers are 750 men and whereof 50 are horse.' — Moryson and Car. Cal.
In a tract of the British Museum, written by Nowel, Dean of Lichfield, who died in 1576, the power of the Carlow Irish in his time is thus stated: ' McMurghowe is prince of Leinster. He and his Kinsmen will be 200 horse well harnessed, a bataile (i.e., about 80) of Galoglas and 300 kerne — his ; O'Moroghowe 1. of Yphelim 16 h. and 40 k. ; O'Nowlane L. of Tohyrly 12 h. and 20 k. ; O'Brenan of Idough 40 keme.' A later paper, circ. 1572, men- tions as of estimation the Cavanaghs of ' S1, Molyns, of Garryhill and Clono- lyn ; but none of them able to make 8 horsemen of his own byinge, and every one of them is enemy to the other.'
COUNTIE OF WEXFORD. 55
THE COUNTIE OF WEXFORD.
This Countie being the first conquered by the Inglysh men, hath so much written in several Books now extant, as it were superfluous to speak more of this Shyre, than of the present State thereof. Sr Henrie Sidney and Sr William Drury caused it to be Surveyed, and had a meaning to have it divided into Two Shyres, and to have called the North part the Countie of fearnes as the south part the Countie of Wexford, but for want of Sufficient Freeholders to be of Juries, or to be Sheriffe, or to bear any other Office, this purpose of Division took no Effecte.
This Shyre serveth to be an Inglyshe Pale, and an Irish Countie. The Pale or civill part is contayned within a River called the Pill,a in the which the most of the posteritie of the ancient Gentlemen, that were conquerors do inhabite.b The other without the Pill is yet Inhabited by the Originall people,
a Weisford with the territory baied as commonlie the inhabitants of the
and perclosed within the Pill was so meaner sort speake neither good Fng-
quite estranged from Irishrie, as if a lish nor good Irish. — Stanihursfs De-
traveller of the Irish (which was rare script ion of Ireland. in these days) had pitched his foot b ' The mansion houses of most gen-
within the Pill and spoken Irish, the try were fortified with Castles, some
Weisfordians would command him neere 60 foot high, having walls at
forthwith to turn the other end of his least 5 foot thicke to the number of
toong, and speake English, or else Thirty, of which few as yet becom
bring his trouchman with him. But in ruinous,' says one who wrote in 1680. our days (circa 1578) they have so ac- 'The people of the B. of Forth spoke
quainted themselves with the Irish as the same tongue and wore the same
that they have made a mingle mangle dress and professed the same Faith as
or gallimanfreie of both the languages, the first settlers, their predecessors.
56
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
as the Cavenaghes and Kinshelaughes0 possessing the Woodie part thereof; into which, notwithstanding, some of the Inglysh have intruded, and planted Forts and Castles within them.
This Countie hath the Sea to the East, the County of Wicklo to the North, the Countie of Catherlagh to the West and the River of Barrowe and the County of Waterfoord to the South.
Both Wexford and Rosse hath walled and Haven Townes, the first upon the East Sea, the other upon the River Barow being amplyfied by the Rivers of Nuer and Suer, and the mouth of the Haven is the Haven of Waterfoord, yet hath it other ancient ruined Townes as Fearnes whereof the Bishop hath his name, Clomyne B . . . . and Federt.
In that single barony there were no less than eighteen churches, thirty three chapels, one religious hospital and two convents, and very many crosses in public roads.' — Description of B. of Forth, ed. by H. F. Hore in Kilk.Jour. of Arch. The Gentlewomen of Wex- ford, in 1634, 'wore good handsome gownes, petticoates, and hatts,' and for mantles, had ' Irishe ruggs with hand- some comely large fringes, which go about their necks ; thick rugg fringe is joined to a garment, which comes round about them and recheth to the very ground ; it is much more comely than the rugg short cloaks used by the women on festival days at Abbeville and Boulogne.' — Sir W. Brcreton.
c ' That part of the county north of the river Slane is possessed chiefly by the Irish called Cavanaghs. It hath on that side also many English inhabit- ants ; sc. Synot of Clelande, Roth of
Roth, Synot of Ballinerah in the Mur- ros (?), Masterson at Femes Castle, where also the Bishop's see is, Peppard of Glascarrig.'
'The Irish on that side the Slane are — Donell Murtagh, Edmund O'Morowe of 'the O'Morowes' country, and others, ever bad neighbours and rebellious people, under the government of Wil- liam Synot, by lease from her Majesty. Other Irish nations are by east them to the sea. The countries are called the Kinshelaghes, Kilconelin, Kilhobock, Farinhamon, inhabited by Art McDer- mot, MTJaMore, McVadock, Darby McMorish, all under the government of Mr. Masterson. On the south-west of the Slane are four English baronies called Fort, Barge, Sherberre, and Shelmalen, and an Irish barony called the Duffree. In the Duffree dwell Sir H. Wallop, and Lord Mountgarret.' — Car. CaL, p. 190.
COUNTIE OF WEXFORD.
57
The Principall Castles are : belonging to the Adamstone,
Wexfordd Quene, Femes to the Bishop, Tinterne to Sr Tho. Code, Donbrodie Abbey, Doncannon, The Towre of Hooke, Ballihack,
Inishcortie to Sir Henrie
Wallop, Bromestone, Rosegarland, Old Crosse, Mountgarret, and Kilclogher.
Principall Gentlemen :e
The Bishop of Fearnes, Richard Mastersone,
Sir Henrie Wallop, Sir Tho. Colclough,
Sir Dudley Loftus, Rochef of Rochesland,
d 'Washfort was very populous in 1644, owing to its great commerce. The fortress a small square regularly enough fortified, at the foot of which were many ruins of churches ; the people came chiefly from France.' — Boulaye Le Gouz1 Travels in Ireland in 1644.
' In the co. of Wexford, being wasted, all the castles held for the Queene, and Sir T. Colclough, Sir R. Masterson, and Sir Dudley Loftus, the only Eng- lish there inhabiting, held for the Queene. But Donnell Spaniagh, alias Cavanagh, with all that Sept, the Omorroghs, Macony More, all the Kinsellaghes, Dermot McMorice, etc were in rebellion and had 750 f. and 50 h. In 1599 there were 200 f. at Eniscorthy, under Sir Oliver Lambert,
and 150 f. under Sir R. Masterson.— Moryson, p. 43.
e An old barony of Forth alliterative rhyme conveys the supposed hereditary characteristics of several Wexford fam* ilies : — ' Stiff Staffort, Dugget [dogged] Lamport, Gay Rochford, Proud Dewe- ros, Lacheny [laughing] Cheevers, Currachy [obstinate] Hore, Criss [cross] Calfer, Valse [false] Furlong, Shimereen [showy] Synnot, Gentleman [gentle] Brune.'
f Sir J. Fitz George Roche, Knt. was summoned to the war in Scotland in 1335. The Roches of Roche's land waxed very Irish in their ways ; for the Wexford jury of 1537 'do present that Walter R with his followers went to the suburbs of Wexford by night for the most part feloniously, burned a boat of
H
58
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Synnotg of Clayland,
R. Canton ; and burned a towne of Wm. Meyler and T. Synnot in ye parish of Kilkevan ; and so ye said Wm. and Thomas must give unto the said Walter 20s. to have license to build ye same towne ; that the said Walter came with a banner displayed of Irish- men, and took with them ye prey, that is to say, of kine and cattle of the towne of Wexford ; and also as yet holdeth an Irishwoman to his wife.'
'In 1552 Roche of Artramont, Lord of Rochesland, wrote to the L. Deputy that his father retained the yearly rents of money, sheep, butter, etc., of the tenants and dwellers of Rathalvey, and that whenever any goods were taken from the tenants by the English Pale of the co. of Wexford, being in wars with the Morrowes, Roche caused the same to be restored ; and that the said lands had ever been freed from O'Morrowe's galloglasses and other charges.'
e ' The Sinnots exceed in number any ancient name ; the house of Bally- brennan in Forth was the most eminent, from which sprang men remarkable for school learning, persons endowed with heroic spirits and martially disposed minds. Richard S. of Ballybrennan, for his noble services with his sons, relations and dependents, was rewarded with forfeited lands. His son Walter being slain in battle, his grandson Martin S. inherited Ballybrennan ; his son James S. got the Manor and Barony of Rosegarland, John got Cooledyne with 1200 acres; Nicholas
FitzHenrie of Maghemorne,h
got Park, Logh and other villages with several houses in AVexford ; Sir Wm. S. got Ballyfarnocke with 24 plowlands intire in the Murrowes ; Edmond S. got Lingstown and other villages.
' The following were gentlemen of the name enjoying good estates for many descents, from whom also several persons famous for learning and chiv- alry— in Germany, France, Spain and Muscovie, etc., were extracted.
' In the Barony of Forth —
' Sinnot of Balligery ; S. of Rath- downey; S. of Stonehouse of Wexford; S. of Gratkerock. In Ballaghene Bar- ony— S. of Owlert, S. of Ballymore, S. of Garrymusky, S. of Tinraheene. In Shilmaleere — S. of Garrymusky, S. of Owlortvicke, S. of Ballinhownemore, S. of Ballinvacky, S. of Belleareele, S. of Balliroe, S. of Ballinkilly, S. of Monyvilleog, S. of Mogangolie.
' These gentlemen, compleatly armed and mounted on horsebacke in Q. Elizabeth's warrs vigorously opposed such as appeared Rebellious.' — De- scription of the Barony of Forth, Edited by H. F. Hore.
h Maghmayne. — Ussher M.S. Fitz- Harris of Killkevan is given in the Car. Cal. in which are found only twelve names, whereas there are fifty or sixty in our MS. I fancy this is the 'Feeffarris, a malefactor matched with the Cavanaghs in Carlow, and holding with them ;' he is thus described by the Survey of Ire- land, written between 1575 and 1602.
In 1537 the jury of New Ross ' pre-
COUNTIE OF WEXFORD.
59
Deverox' of Balmagere, Foorloncrk of Hoorton,
Browne1 of Malrancan, Haym of Tancomshanee,
sent that one FitzHarry, that now is, of Kilkevan, robbed ye towne of Rosse, and killed a man within ye liberties of the said towne, and that ye said Fitz Harry did take a pray to the some and valew of ^ioo.' — Annuary of Kilk. Arch. Society, Vol. i.
1 The Devereuxes were the wealthiest and most powerful of all of the Strong- bonian race in Wexford. In 1566 Sir Nicholas D. makes ' bold to refresh his acquaintance ' with his schoolfellow, Lord Burleigh; in 1574, 'he was spoiled of a great part of his inheritance by the Cavanaghs ;' in 1599, Devereux, Earl of Essex, on his march from Waterford to Dublin, passed a day at Balmagir, and Knighted Sir J. De- vereux.— p. 43, Aim. Kuk. A. Soc. and Car. Cat., p. 308.
k ' Furlongs, malefactors matched with the Cavanaghs.' — Survey of Ire- land, 1574-1602. In 1539 Philip Fur- long of Carrigmenan gent, granted to Th. Rosseter of Rathmanee gent, his town and manor of Carrigmanan ; in 1638, Furlong of C. sold his large estate for ,£2500 to R. Devereux, Esq. Eleven gentlemen named Furlong were summoned to attend an expedition against O'Brien in 1345. Their chief house was Horetown near Taghmon. John F. was Knight of the Shire in 1613, and owned the manors of Cam- ross, Bridgestown, etc.; another branch lived at Davidstown in the Glynn.
1 The following letter of Q. Elizabeth, dated 1572, throws some light on this family and on Wexford: ' El. R. Where we are informed that R. Browne of Mulrancan (a yonge gentilman of great valour, wholy given to our sarvice against the disobedient Irish of that Countie, upon whom his father hath valiantly builded a fortress, and he after his father's death hath as valiantly kept and defended the same, to the ampli- fying of our obedc*, being also near of bloud to the houses of our r'- tr and well beloved Cosins Th' Erles of Kil- dare and Ormond) is traitorously mur- dered by Brene McCoder Kavanagh, and his brethren, Hugh McShan's sons .... [These Cavanaghs were kinsmen of Elizabeth through the Kildare al- liance.— Ed.] And whereas we are in- formed likewise that two gentlemen of our said co. of Wexford, the one, J. Furlong of Horeton, who hath of late procured the pitiful murder of the sd Browne's sister, to bring home her join- ture to his house, the other M. Fitz- henry of Magsmagh, being under Off" to Thos. Stukeley, bearing the sd Browne malice, and both of them cosins of blood to the said murderers of the Kavanaghs, have been procurers of the sd Murdr' — We think it good,' etc. — Forwarded by John P. Prender- gast, Esq., to the Kilk. Arch. Jour.
m Henry the 6th, ' on account of the services Hay and his progenitors had
6o
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Tod of Carne," Lamport of Ballyhinch,0 Scurlock of Roseland,p Keting of Kilcowan,q
rendered to the King and his predeces- sors, in many times resisting the enemy, acccpit eum in intimntn aniiaim.' The Hays owned the Towers of Hill, Slade, Tacumshene, and Castlehays- town. — Kilk. A?imtary.
° Nich. Codd of Came d. in 1564 seised of the castle and lands of Rath- aspig. In 1599, Nicholas Codde of Castleton, son of Martin Codde and Margaret da. of A. Roche, Lord of Rochesland, was marshal of Wexford Liberty; he was slain in 1600. — (See 'Description of the Barony of Forth,' written arc. 1680, edit, by Hore in Kilk. Arch., Vol. iv., p. 62). 'These Coodes of Castletown expressed singu- lar loyaltie and valour in Q. Eliza, warrs several of them being therein slain.'
0 Of Ballyhire near Greenore. The Wexford jury of 1537 'present that Lam- port of Ballyhire did take James Kent prisoner, and took from him feloniously
p 'Scurlocke of Roslare. — UsshcrM.S. ' He owned two manors with a valuable estate in Ballymore and Roslare, unto whom the Copyholders by their tenures performed homage, divers customary duties and services not elsewhere used, many of which were servile ; none could marry in his Lordships without his pre- vious License nor build a house, nor suffer it to be demolished or to fall to decay. If a Copyholder married a
Chevers of Ballyhaly,r Rawceter of Rathmokue,5 Wadding of Ballicoiley,'
maide, a certaine fine was payable to the Lord ; if a widow, double as much ; if a woman whose virginity had been violated, more ; which fine or duty was termed Lothcrwite (i.e., Lother's law). All tenants deceasing were liable to Heriots. Transgressors of such and many other strange customs incurred forfeiture of their interest by Copyhold.' — Descrip. of B. Forth.
q yym- Keting was commander of Kilklogan, arc. 1537; Baldwin and R. Keting were witnesses of the Charter of the Earl of Pembroke to Tintern Abbey. The eldest house had the title of Barons K. of Kilcowan.
' Cheevers, a Flemish family named Chevre, long settled in Wexford ; Pat- rick C. witnessed the charter given to Wexford in 13 17 ; Edward C. was created Viscount Mount Leinster by James II. — Hore.
s The family came from Rocester in Lincolshire ; Rossieter of Rathmacnee was expulsed in 1653 ; Bargy castle was built by a Rosseter, whose initials are on an oak panel in the house. Slevoy belonged to Walter R. in 1608; another R. lived at Tacumshane and owned the manor of Tomhaggard. Colonel R. of Rathmacknee is said to have married a sister of the famous Sarsfield. — Hore.
' R. Wadding of Ballycogly m. a da. of Rowseter of Rathmacnee, Esq., and
COUNTIE OF WEXFORD.
6l
Stafford of Balmakeryn," Barry of Bonecarry, Rochfordv of [ ],
French of Ballitorie, Eliot of Rathshillan, Sutton of Ballikerock,w Prendergasse of the Gorchins,"
had four sons and seven daughters ; his eldest son, Thomas, was one of the Knights of the Shire in 1613, and was married to a d. of Eustace of Castle- martin ; his daughter Elenor was m. to Th. Scurlock of Bolgan in the Glynn.
" Ballymacarne, the principal castle of the Staffords, who were a numerous and distinguished family. There was a branch at Balliconnor, where Denis Stafford of Balliconnor and his wife Katerina Synnot of Byllygeary built a tower in 1570, which still stands. Their son Hamond S. died in 1630.
v Of Taghunnan (Mountpleasant) un- der the mountain of Forth. The Rochfords were barons in the 13th century and owned the barony of Duffyr, but were driven northwards by the Irish. — Kilk. Annuary, p. 41.
" Ballykeroge, a castle of unusual dimensions in ' Sutton's parish ' near Ross was the chief house; but branches lived at Oldcourt, Ballysop, and Priest- haggard.
" Gurteen — The Prendergasts owned the territories of Femes and Kinsellagh ; but were driven southward, and in 1598 lived in a tower called Gurteen near the mountain of Forth.
y Written also Bosher or Busher.
Bourcher of Balliconnick/ Mayler* of
Redmond of the Hooke, Laffan of the Slade,aa Sygin of Syginston,bb Cullen of Cullenston, Osmond of Johnston,"
2 ' Walter Meyler of Duncormack and his ancestors have been in possession of Mountgarret beside Ross with the appurtenances, as their inheritance of right until the Earl of Ossory entered and kept it by force in 15 18.' In 1570 Walter M. of Doncormock, gent., ad- dressed the Government, staring that he was possessed of the manor of Prysts- town, 'adjoining the salvage nacion of the Cavanaghes, and the Key of the country upon the very frontiers of the Irishry, and therefore wasted by their continual incursions, and they have oft times shed his blood.'
M ' Mac Laffan of the Sladd ' is in- cluded among the gentlemen of Shel- burne in the grand panel of the co. of Wexford 1608. In 1638 Henry Laffan of Slade Castle died.
bb Siggins, perhaps S(- John ; one S*- John had land at Tomhaggard and at Monsyu in 1472 ; and about 1537 W. Browne ' did take Stephen S'- John in ye highway and did lead him to his castle and did imprison him after his own use, contrary to the King's laws till he paid his fine.' There was also a Sigon on the Wexford Jury of 1537.
cc Esmond — ' Lord Esmond served as a Martialist in the Low Countries,
62
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Whyte of Tromer, Eshingham of Dunbrody, Isham of Bryanston, Walshe of dd Hore of Sdd
Butler ofee Clonkyraghe, Fitzjohn of Ballicoppock, Fitznealff of Ballyharth, NevelF of Rosegarland, Turnor offf
St. John of Wexford,bb Whitty of Baltitege,gg Butler of Wexford, Brother to the Ld- Mountgerat,
and then against the Kavanaghes, Bimes and O'Tooles ; his countenance terrible, with a formidable voice when exasperated ; of sanguine complexion, compact, solid corpulent body with robustious Limms, terrible to his Enemy, maintaining always a numerous Retinue of well accomplished young gentlemen, well accoutred and compleatelie armed with excellent serviceable horses. He was abstemious and continent.' — De- scription of the B. of Forth, edited by H. F. Hore.
dd 'Walshe of Polrankan ; Hore of Harpiston.' — Ussher M.S. In 1649 there were H. of Pole-Hore, H. of Harperstown, and H. of Kilyash- lan. In Taghmon Church there is a very ancient monument to Hore of Harperstown. Wm- Hore of Harpers- town was Knight of the Shire in 1559 ; and was in 1572 seised of the castle
Lewes^ of Leweston,
Chyver of Killyan,
Hasson of Wexford,
Bryan of theff
And of the Irishe —
Donell Cavanaghe, commonlie called Donell Spaniaughe, or Donell the Spaniard, being broght with Stuckly in Spaine, also
the Sept of Croan [Shean] McMurrow,
The 3 Lo. of Kinsheloghe,
and lands of Harperstown, held of Roche of Drinagh, and of the castle and lands of Taghmon, held of the Queen. — H. F. Hore.
ec Perhaps ' Piers Butler, who has a portion of the Fassasse of Bentry, who is reported to be a rash young man.' — Survey of Ireland.
" ' Fitznicol ; Nevil baron of Rose- garland ; Turner of Ballyasshin ; Lowes of Lowston ; Brian of the Starr ; Graye.' — Ussher M.S. (e. 4. 33) T.C.D. There was also a ' Pippard of Glascarrig,' ac- cording to the Car. Cat. j and there was an influential family, named Gerot, as appears from a paper penes me.
es R. Whitty of Bally teige b. 1546, d. 1623, was J.P. for the co. of Wex- ford ; held three manors, three caru- cates and 523 acres; married ad. of Sir N. Devereux of Ballymagir, 'the
COUNTIE OF WEXFORD. 63
McVadock,hh Edmond Duff.
McDanore,
The whole Countie of Catherlaghe, and the one halfe of the Countie of Wexford was in tymes past inhabitted by the Cavan- aghes, who being by Warr driven out have from time to time greatlie disturbed the Inhabitants of the foresaid Counties ; there remayneth of them but few, and these of four Septs or Families, of which Griffyne McMorroghe and his Brethren were chief and dwelt nere Fearnes ; the Elder Brother being Exe- cuted, the younger doth altogether depend upon Sr Henrie Wallop.
The Second Familie is Donell Spaniaughe and his Kinsmen, who also pretended to be much at the devotion of Sr Henrie Wallop, who procured to the said Donell a yearlie Pension from the quene, but of late being Sturred up by the Earle of Tyrone, he took Armes against the quene and challingeth the Hous of Enishcortie possessed and sumptuouslie Builded by Sr Henrie Wallop, without which he purposeth not to live in quiet." The 3rd was the Sept of Bryan McCare of or
White Knight ; ' his son married a d. skirt of the Duffry, the chief fastness of
of Stafford of Ballyconnor, and his D. Spaniaghe, who now pretends [to
grandson married a d. of Oliver Eus- be chief?] of the Cavanaghs and
tace of Ballynunry. There is a fine McMurragh, which in the Irish account
monument to the Whittys in the ruined is no less than to be King of Leynister.
Church of Kilmore. — SezKilk. A. Jour. His Lordship also viewed the ground
year 1872, p. 62. between Eniscorthy and this fastness,
bh McVadock and McDamore were where the garrison had not long before
descended from Murchadh a brother of skirmished with D. Spaniaghe. Soon
Dermot IVFMurrough. McVadock's after, D. Spaniagh, Phelim McFeagh
sept dwelt round Gorey. Hi Kinsel- and McRowry fought against Essex,
lagh, Ui Cennselach, was in the north- In Sept. 1599 he was in action with
east of the co. of Wexford. 300 or 400 of his followers in the co.
"In June 1599 Essex 'viewed the of Wexford and greatly annoying these
64
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
S'- mollins and these depended upon Sr Antony Colclough in his Life tyme, and now I suppose they depend upon his Sone, Sir Thomas Colcloughe Sone-in-Law to the late Lord Chan- cellor. The 4th are of the Countie of Catherlagh in the Baronie of Idrone,whose chief dependance was upon the Earle of Ormond.
The head of this last Sept was Mourtoghe oge
latelie
by one of the Omailies. The rest of them together with the Remainder of the third Familie, have joined themselves toge- ther with the foresaid Donell Spaniaughe who dailie vexeth the Counties of Wexford, Catherlaghe, Kildare and Dublin ; he is not able to make above 200 Footmen, who, being prosecuted from Countie to Countie, hath continuall relief from Phelim McFeughe the Rebell of the Countie in Dublin, whose Brother- in-law he is»kk
parts. Much of the lands of Donall Spaniaghe were possessed by Sir R. Masterson, Sir H. Wallop, Lord Mount- garrett, and Sir N. Walshe ; his ances- tor> Art Boy Kevanaghe possessed Enischortye, etc' — Car. Cal.
A member of this clan, Morgan Kavanagh, was Governor of Prague in 1766, and was the largest man in Europe. Relatives of his were living in Austria in the year 1844, and were declared by Professor Niemann of Vienna to be the tallest men in all Germany. They were descendants of Bryan na-Siroice Kavanagh, who was the largest man in the army of James the Second. — See O' Donovan on the Physical Characteristics of tlie Irish, in Ulster J. of Arclt*
** A Souvenir of Wexford in 1598 has been recently discovered : — ' Near the burial ground of Bannow have been found squared granite stones, forming the entrance to a house, and on one of the stones, a portion of which had been broken off, was the fragmentary inscription ; —
. > . . mes . colli . fz . . ence . builded . this house . in . the . yeere . of owre . lord . 1598 . and marion . sinot . his . wife. This may be read : " [Ja]mes Collin (Cullen) fitz [Lawr] ence builded this house in the yeere of our Lord 1598, and Marion Sinot, his wife." ' — Kilk. J. of Arch., October 1864.
COUNTIE OF KILKENNY. 65
THE COUNTIE OF KILKENNY.
This Countie hath the most shew of civilitiea of any other of the border Counties, in respect of the fayre Seats of Howses, the number of Castles and Inglysh manner of Inclosure of their Grounds. It is bounded with the River Barow to the East, with the River Suer to the South, with Ossorie to the North with Tipperairie to the West. These Counties being Ancientlie called Osseria seemeth to contayne the whole county of Kil- kenny or rather Ossery, and the other part called upp. Osserie, and so to be all one Countie. But albeit many directions have been sent from the Queen and her progenitors for the deciding of this controversie, Yet McGillaPatrick, the ancient possessor of Upper Osserie and now baronb of it wou'd never consent to be of that Countie for the native malice between them, the one having been utter Enimie to the other ; but pleadeth a Prero- gative by custome to be out of all Shyreground and to be Sheriffe himselfe for the Execution of the civill cawses, and criminall cawses, he rather sorteth himself to be of the new
a A Kilkenny jury in 1537 declared lady, his wyff, the Lord Jamys Butler,
that — ' The gentylmen with all the and other the said Erie's children and
comoners of the said counte, the Sover- Kyne of his name; wherefor to provide
eine with all the heddes and comoners that these persons may be reduced, the
of the towne of Kilkenny, ben very countie wyl be immediately prosperous
desirous to be obedient to the Kinges and of gret strength to defend ther-
lawe, and to lyve in good cevylitie ; selves against their enemyes.' — An-
and albehit the Kinges laws in the said nuary, p. 136.
counte be not only clerly void and b Florence, the 3rd Lord, lived in
frustrate, but also all the exactions, the time of Elizabeth, m. a daughter of
suppressions and other enormities be- O'More of Leix ; his son, Thady the
fore presented, with many mo, be men- 4th lord, m. a daughter of Sir Edmund
teyned only by the Erie of Ossory, my Butler of Tullow, and d. 1627.
I
66
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1598.
Countie, and so in all criminall cawses to be tried by the late planted Inglyshe, then by their Ancient Enemies the Countie of Kilkenny.
' Kilkenny0 Thomaston Callan Id
Gaurand Balleragat Burnchurche and many other of meane reckoning.
The chief Tonnes of this Countie are these:
c ' The best uplandish towne in Ire- land .... famous for Peter White's school out of which have sprouted such proper Impes so as the whole weale publik of Ireland is thereby furthered.' — Stanihurst. ' Kilkenny the best dry towne in Ireland.' — Campion.
' The most pleasant and delightful town of ye Kingdom ; the buildings are fair and people fashionable ; its cituation is in the best Air of Ireland upon the river Nore of admirable cleer water upon a gravel — it is said that it hath — " Water without mud, air without fog,
Fire without smoke and land without bog." ' —Dynelfs Tour, temp. Charles II
In 1644 it seemed to Le Gouz, a French traveller, as large as Orleans, which had 31,000 inhabitants.
The ten leading families or ' tribes of Kilkenny,' are thus given, in Galway fashion, by Mr. Prim :
'Archdekin, Archer, Cowley, Langton, Ley, Knaresborough, Lawless, Ragget, Rothe and Shee.'
The Shees, the only one of un- doubted Milesian blood, was the most important, and next to them ranked Rothe and Archer. — J. G. A. Prim, Esq.
The Corporation of K. in 1537 : — Shee, Rothe, Lanton, Rothe, Hakket, Walshe, Rothe, Shee, Ragge, Archer, Raaour, Lawless, Savage.
' Commyners of the town of Kil- kenny in 1537 : — Lye, Busser, Dormon- dus, Marshall, Clery. Brasell, Purcell, Thyvyn, Langton, Rothy, Machill, Gybbes, Ragge, Garrard, Archer, Cavin.'
d I is perhaps Inistioge ; Gauran is Gowran. 'In 1608 Gowran got a char- ter, and N. Hackett was made Port- reeve, and Everarde, Archer, J. Nashe, R. Nashe, J. Swayne, E. Staunton, Kealy, Raghtor, R. Swayne, M. Staun- ton, E. Walshe, and T. Staunton were Burgesses and of the Common Council
COUNTIE OF KILKENNY.
67
Castles .
Kilkenny Gaurand Kell
Ballingtoughe Creey Toune Whyte's Hall
Men of Accompt?
The Earle of Ormond/
his name JanVMButler,
his chief Hous Carrick ;
The L. Viscount Mountgarots
of the Borough.' — Kilk. J. of Arch., July 187 1, p. 540. In 1608 David Archer was constable to the Earl of Ormond of the Castle of Gowran.
c The gentlemen of the jury of the Shire of Kilkenny in 1537 were: — Grace, Sweetman, Comerforth, Dobbin, Smith, Watonn, Cowik, Datowne, Howel, Forstall, Forstall, Purcell, Shortall, Shortall, Forstall, Croke and Blomfeld.
Jury of the Commyners of the Co. of Kilk. in 1537 : — Troddye, Herford, Moteing, Fanneing, Mounsell, How- ling, all of Callan ; Forstall, Power, Walshe, Arland, and Karron, all of Inystioke ; Power, Tywe, FitzTohn, Lacye, all of Knocktopher ; Lorknan, Whyte of Knocktopher. — See Annuary of Kilk. J. of A.
f Thomas 10th Earl, called The Black Earl ; his mother was daughter and heir of the nth Earl of Desmond; ♦lis father's mother was a d. of the Sth
his name Richd Butler, The L. Bishop of Ossorie_ his Seat at Kilkenny,
C-<
Earl of Kildare ; he enjoyed the title since the year 1546; in 1559 he was constituted lord treasurer of Ireland, and in the Carew Calendar he is styled ' Lord General, General of the Army, and Lord Lieutenant General.' He was a great favourite of Elizabeth ; ac- cording to Burke's Peerage ' he was the first of his family to conform to the Church of England;' however, he be- came a Catholic a few years before his death, and was constantly visited by Fathers Walle and O'Keamey, S.J. He had six brothers.
e Edmund Butler 2nd Viscount Mountgarret, 1st cousin of the Earl of Ormonde ; he married a d. of Fitz- Patrick 1st Lord of Upper Ossory ; he died in 1602, and was succeeded by his son Richard, who had married the eldest d. of the Earl of Tyrone. His hou=e is called Beallagarett and Ballin- aggett in the Car. Cal. The 1 2th Vis- count was made Earl of Kilkenny.
68
Garrot,h Baronet
church, Purcell' of Ballynfoyle,
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598
of Burn
Edwd Butler of Butlerswood, Deanek of Thomastowne, David Baron1 of Brownsfoord,
h Rowland FitzGerald alias Baron de Burnchurch. In the churchyard of Bumchurch there is a tomb of ' Fitz- Gerald alias Baron, dominus de Burn- church, who d. in 1545. The castle of B. is in a good state of preservation. The representative of this family is Sir H. Winston Barron.' — Kilk. Annuary 0/1858. The Baron of Burnchurche is the title given by the Kilkenny juries of 1537. — Annuary.
' To P. of Ballyfoyle was erected Purcell's Cross in St, Patrick's Cemetery: it bears the inscription, ' Orate pro anima Nobilimi D.D. Edmundi Pur- celli, qui obiit 16 Aug. 1625.' The Baron of Loughmoe in Tipperary was the head of the Purcells from whom N. Purcell O'Gorman is descended in the female line ; but there were five re- spectable branches in Kilkenny, viz. : — of Ballyfoile, of Foulksrath, of Lismain, of Ballymartin and of Clone.— See The Wayside Crosses, by Mr. Prim, in Vol. I. of Kilk, J. of Arch.
The Purcells were hereditary captains of Ormonde's Kerne. The chief stock lived at Foulksrath, the offsets at Bally- foyl, Lismain, Clone and Ballymartin. Edmund Purcell ' captain of Kerne ' died iir 1549, and is buried in S1- Canice, where his tombstone bears the inscription, ' Capitanus turbariorum Comitis Ormoniae.' — Mr. Prim in Kilk. [. of Archaology.
There was a Patrick Porcell gent, of Lowyston in the year 1537 ; and Piers P. of Ballyen ; also ' the Lorde Pur- cell.'— See Annuary, pp. 116, 117, 121, 123, 132.
The ruin of Ballyfoile Castle stands in the glen of that name at the foot of the Johnswell mountains.
k Also ' Mr. Den of Grenan.' — Car. Col.
1 David FitzGerald, alias Barron. This family, which had the title of Baron after it had ceased to be summoned to Parliament as such, was of the Geral- dine stock. The title came at last to be a surname. A way-side Cross in the Square of Inistioge has the inscrip- tion, ' Orate pro animabus Domini David Geraldini, dicti Baron de Brownsfoord, obiit 14, Apr. 1621/ et Joannae Mor res'
The castle of Brownsford is situate over the Nore. In 1537 the Kilkenny ' Jurye present that the Baron of Brownesforde, and his officers doth use Blak men, that is to saye, the Baron will show the country that he hath VHP* Gallawglasseis, and require wages of them therefor; where of truthe he hath not above the number of 100 Gallowglassheis, and doth take and levye of the country wages for VIII" personnes, and so keepeth the residue of the money to himself, which amounteth to the some of 60 persons
COUNTIE OF KILKENNY.
69
Fostor"1 of Kilseraghe, Sir Richard SheeJ1 Knight, Sir James Butler" Knight,
Sir Pierce Butlerp Knight, and divers more Families of
wages.' — See Annuary, pp. 117, 121, and Mr. Prim's Wayside Crosses in Kilk. J. of Arch.
m Gerald Forster. In 1537 R. For- stell of Kilferrouthe gent. From a pedigree it appears the name was origi- nally Forrester, but the name was afterwards written Fforstall. The head of the family held the manors of Kil- feragh and Ballyfrunck by Knight's ser- vice from the Crown in capite. Mon- sieur Forestall of Paris is believed to be the head of the Kilkenny Forstalls of Rochestown.
n Of Upper Court and Cloran ; he was descended from O'Seagha, chief of Iveragh in Kerry. He was son of Robert Shee and Margaret Rothe ; he was a member of Gray's Inn, seneschal of Irishtown in 1568, in 1576 deputy to the E. of Ormonde (lord high trea- surer of Ireland), he was knighted in 1589 ; he died at his castle of Bonnetts- town in 1603, and in his will left an injunction on his son, Lucas, to build an Alms' House, and left his curse on any of his descendants who should ever attempt to alienate the property pro- vided for its maintenance, which con- sisted chiefly of impropriate tithes. A cross was erected to Sir Richard by his wife Dame Margaret Fagan. His son Lucas married a sister of Lord Mount- garret, and at Freshford there is or was a Wayside Cross erected in memory of
Lucas and his wife, and the site is called in Irish Bun na Croise.
Colonel CounjJZVShee, of the French service, is the representative of Sir Richard, whose old vellum Cartulary he possesses. From Sir Richard's se- cond son, Marcus of Sheestown, is de- scended J. Power O'Shee, Esq., of Sheestown and Gardenmorres. Sir Richard's brother, Elias Shee of Cran- more was, says Hollingshed, ' a scholar of Oxford, of passing wit, a pleasant conceited companion, full of mirth without gall ;' from him was descended Sir G. Shee of Dunmore, co. of Galway.
0 Perhaps ' Sir James Oge Butler of Slewardaghe.'
p ' Mr- P£ers_Butler_of Old Abbey.' — Car. Cal.
Piers Fitz Thomas Butler of Duiske Abbey and Lowgrange, illegitimate son of the Earl of Ormonde, died in 1601, leaving (by his wife, a da. of Lord Slane) two sons, Edward, afterwards Viscount Galmoy, and Sir Richard Butler of Knocktopher. Piers was a zealous Catholic, and did his best to save Archbishop O'Hurly ; he died in 1 601. In 1697 the third Viscount Galmoy was attainted, but James the Second created him Earl of Newcastle — a poor recompense for the broad acres which he had lost. — See an account of Galmoy and his regiment in O'Cal- laghan's Irish Brigades.
,4* &-<L4=^^
7°
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I59S.
Butlersq Graces/ Shees, Cant- wells,5 Comberfords/ Deanes, Archdeacons," Walshes/
Roothes* Archers," Dormers, Stronges, which are thought
q ' Richard B. now sheriff, of Pallis- toun.' — Car. Cal. From the B. of Paulstown came Colonel B. the slayer of Wallenstein, and Sir W. Butler who defended Kilkenny against Cromwell.
' There is a ' Grace's Cross ' near Bonnetstown, erected by Edward G. and his wife Catherine Archer ; he was of the family of the Barons of Courts- town ; he d. in 16 19. Sir J. Grace, Baron of Courtstown, died after 1568; his tomb is in St. Canice's.
5 ' Of Cantwellstown.' — Car. Cal. Cantwell's Court is four miles north-east of Kilkenny.
' ' Garret Comerford of Inchiolegan.' — Car. Cal. The head of the Comer- fords was Baron of Danganmore ; junior members were settled at Bally- mack, Ballybur, Callan and Inchebo- loghan Castle; circa 1572 'Thomas C. late of Ballymacka, having been in his lifetime one of the chiefest conspirators and actual dooers in this last rebellion, was attainted.' At Danganmore there is a Wayside Cross with a Latin in- scription, asking prayers for the souls of Richard C. and his wife, Domina Joanna SL Leger.
u 'Archdeacon of Bawnmore.' — Car. Cal. Also A. of Dangan ; they were descended from Odo le Ercedekne, and hence, when the family waxed Irish it took the name of Mac Odo, shortened to Cody. Of this family was
Father Arsdekin, S.J., the celebrated Author of the Theologia Tripartita.
v 'Walsh of Castle Hely and Mr. Justice Walshe of Glomemore.' — Car. Cal. W. of Castlehowell was the head of the Kilkenny Walshes or the Bren- nachs of the Walsh Mountains. By the Kilkenny Jury of 1537 they are called Brennach, and Walter B. and his sons are presented as exacting coyne and lively. Walter W. the head of the family died in 161 9. 'The Walshes are a great sect at the Earl of Ormond's commandment,' says a state paper of this time, to which I cannot now give a reference.
■ The most distinguished man of this family in 1598 was Dr. D. Rothe afterwards Bishop of Ossory.
1 In 1597 Thomas Archer was sheriff of Kilkenny City; in 1601, Patrick A. and in 1603 Martin A. were sheriffs. In 1602 John Archer FitzLaurence, burgess of the city of Kilkenny, in his will mentions his sons William and Matthew, and his daughters, to whom he leaves his land in fee. In 1605, Megge Archer FitzEdward mentions her son Jenkan Roth and desires her ' body to be buried with her husband Jenkan Rothe in the Choire of our Ladye Chapell Kilkenny.' In 1599 'the Sovraigne Burgesses and Commons demised to Walter Archer FitzArcher Esquire, S'- James' Castle, provided he
COUNTIE OF KILKENNY.
Thought to be Stranges/ their Amies agreeing with the Stranges of Ingl. ; St. Legers,z Blanchviles,aa Staffordes, Sweatman,bb Ger- aldin, Tobyn," Dobyn, Forestall, Crooke, Hullen, Arnold White Dalton Smethes Dryling Shortall,dd Wales, Waton Row
cover the same with oken timber and maintain it stiff, strong, staunch and tenentable ; but the Soveraigne, etc., should have the use of it in time of war or danger.'
y Peter Strong of Dunkit and Ayl- wardstown, where the present head of the family, Peter Strange, Esq., resides.
* The Jury of 1537 present that Lord Sleggar charged his tenauntes with coyne and livery. In 1549 he is called Baron Lyster. S4, Leger (or Slyggar) lived at Tullaghanbroge, also a branch resided at Ballyfennon ; they were called Barons or ' Banrets ' of Slew- margie, and by Stanihurst are described as ' mere Irish.' Hanmer states that Slieve Margie was granted to Sf- Leger with the title of Baron, and that of late years (circa 1598) a gentleman of the name dwelling at Danganstown near Carlow laid claim to the same, as de- scendant of S1- Leger.
33 Gerald Blancheville of Blanch- villestown was Knight of the Shire in 1584; his son, Sir Edmond B. was living in 16 16, and was maternally de- scended from the Earls of Ormond. The Blanchfield living in 1537 is called by the Kilkenny Jury ' lorde Blanche- feld.' Sir John Blanchfield Knt. was summoned to the war in Scotland in the year 1335.
bb'Sweetman of Castlelyf.' — Car. Cal.
Sir R. Sweetman was summoned as a Baron to Parliament in 1374 ; Ed- ward S. of Hoodgrove died in 1616 seised of a castle in Gowran, a castle in Thomastown, etc. The chief seats of the S. were Castlereife, and Newtown D'Erley.
William S. of Castellyf in the co. of Kilkenny, Gent, tried to persuade Sir Edmund Butler to submit to the Go- vernment in 1569. By the jury of 1537 S. is called 'the lord Sweetman.'
cc Originally Sc' Aubin. They were titular Barons of Comsey in the co. of Tipperary, a branch seems to have set- tled at Ballaghtobin in the co. of Kil- kenny.— Annuary, p. 127.
dd ' Shortall of Ballylorcan, S. of Clagh.' — Car. Cal. J. Shortalls, 'Lord of Ballylorcan,' whose tomb was erected in 1507, is buried with his wife Catha- rine White in the Cathedral of S' Canice. Sir Oliver S. of Ballylorcan, and Castle Idough, etc., married the widow of N. Shortal of Upper Claragh ; he died in 1630. The jury of 1537 presented that ' the Lorde Shertell (written also here Sortall) useth the same exaccyons as the Earl of Ossory.' The war-cry of the Shortalls was Pucan- sac-abo !
72
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Frayneee Dowley Knaresburghe
Conway, Baggad, Lancton*1 Troddy, Lawles
Davels Ledwyshe Brenan,gs Swayne, Cormickehh
Of these the L. Mountgarrat accompanied with many Butlers,
ee Frenge, French, Fulke de la Freigne was first of the gentlemen of the shire summoned to the war of Scotland in 1302. The head of the F. lived at Ballyreddy where Lord Freny died in 161 1. Lord de Freyne is of this family, being descended from Oliver de Freyne who was seneschal of Kilkenny in 1336. We find a cross at Ballyneale near New Ross, and a tomb to Robert Frayne, ' viro vere pio, munifico et hospita/i,' erected by his wife Eleanor Geraldine, d. of the Baron of Brownsford ; he died in 1643. The de F. was usually seneschal or chief officer to Ormond. — See Mr. Prim's Wayside Crosses.
" In 1598 the Rev. J. Langton was one of the vicars choral of St. Canice. In the same year Edward L. was sove- reign of Kilkenny. Nich. L., Alderman, and P. Archer Esq. were members for Kilkenny in 1613. Mrs. Peter Grehan, of Rutland Square, Dublin, is of this family ; her brother, F. Langton, Esq., of London, is its representative, and also heir and representative of the Comerfords, Palatine Barons of Danganmore. The Rev. E. Madden R C.C. is also a representative of the Langtons and Comerfords, and owns the ' great stone house ' of Langton in Kilkenny. Alderman Langton, M.P., who was born in 1562 and d. 1632,
had twelve sons and thirteen daughters. — See Memoirs of the La?igtons by Mr. Prim in the Kilk. J. of Arch.
EB The following were the septs of O'Brenans arc 1603: 'The sept of Gilpatrick O'Brenan of Rathcally which are called Clanmoriertagh hath seven towns or hamlets ; the sept of Edmund O'B. of Kildergan, alias Hokerety, and Edmund O'B. of Smithstown, which sept are called Clan McConill, they own four towns and hamlets ; the sept of Ffarr M'Donoghoe of Croghfenaly, which are called Clanvickelowe, they have three towns and hamlets ; the sept of Moriertagh McDonoghoue Killy, which are called Clanowly, they own KyledonoghoueKilly, and three other places.' — Rev. James Graves in 1st Vol. of Kilkenny J. of Arch.
Ul Also 'Lovellof Ballymaka.' — Car. Cat. There were also Barnabe Bolgyr at Bishopscourt, the Cowleys ancestors of Wellington, the Grants of Curluddy and Ballynabooly, Le Poer of Powers Wood ; the Rochfords, whose feudal residence was the Black Castle of Kil- dare. There was also a family of Gall or Gall-Burke of Gallstown, from which Dr. O'Donovan, the Irish scholar, was sprung. Walter Gall de Burgo of Gallstown was M.P. for Kilkenny county in 1560. Of his sons, Walter d. in 1642 ; William (Count Gall von
THE QUENES COUNTIE.
/ 6
Graces, and all the younger Brethren of Gent of this Countie are 7iow in Rebellion he is able to make about 150 Horsemen and 500 Footemen, they Stop the Passage from Dtiblin to Motmster which lieth through this Countie and do much harm to all the Counties adjacent [The lines in italics are Cancelled in the" Original].
THE QUENES COUNTIE alias LEASE.*
This Countie contayneth all the Lands in effect between the Water of Barrow and Ormond, including all that did belong to Omore Odwine [ODunn] upper Ossyrie and Sleumaghe [als
Bourckh of the German Empire) d. 1655; James was slain at Torgau ; David was slain at Leipsig in 1631 ; Patrick was in the Spanish service, and Thomas was living in 1636, in the Austrian army, and had a son William Walter Gall de Burgo, Count Gall von Bourckh of Gerstorf and Holstein. — See Dr. 0 'Donovan '.r Memoir of the Gall-Burkes, in the Kilk. J. of Arch.
" In April 1599, Mountgarret with his brother's sons, Richard, James and Edward, and followers, are in rebellion with the O'Carrolls : their forces 150; whereof 20 are horse, besides continual assistance from Tyrone, to whose daughter Mountgarret married his son. — Car. Cal., p. 298.
The English had in Kilkenny 230 horse under Ormond, Sir J. Lambert, Sir Walter Butler, Sir Chr. Su Law- rence, and Captains Fleming and
Taffe; also 800 foot under Ormond, Sir Carew Reynel, Sir H. Follyot, Croft, Sheffield and Pinner. — Moryson,
P- 43-
N.B. — Most of these notes on Kil- kenny have been put together from the Arinuary of the Kilk. Arch. Soc, an. 186S, and from various papers by the Rev. J. Graves and J. Prim, Esq., in the Kilk. J. of Arch. a ' Let us approach Laoighis,
Brown-haired heroes for whom show- ers fall ; The great territory of Laoighis of
slender swords Belongs to O'Mordha, bulwark of
battle, Of the golden shield of one colour.' —O'Hicidhrin. Laoighis, pronounced Lee-ish, com- prised, not the baronies of Upper Ossory, Portnahinch, and Tinnahinch,
K
74 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Slewmargie]. The Soyle is FruitfulP and Exceeding pleasant,
but only the northern and eastern baronies of Queen's Co.
' Lease est regiuncula sylvestris et uliginosa ; primarium oppidum est Maryburgh, ubi cum suo Seneschallo praesidiarii agunt, qui sese aegre defen- dunt contra CfMoores (qui se ut anti- quos hujus dominos gerunt), Mac-Gil- patrick, O' Danpsios et alios, malefica et tumultiosa hominum genera, qui ad Anglos deturbandos nihil non quotidie moliuntur.' — Letterpress prefixed to Jansson's old Map of Leinster.
b ' It seemed incredible, that by so barbarous inhabitants (as the people of Leix) the ground should be so ma- nured, the fields so orderly fenced, the Townes so frequently inhabited, and the high waies and paths so well beaten as the Lord Deputy here found them — the reason whereof was that the Quecne 's forces during these warres never till then came among them. His Lord- ship staying in Leax till the twenty three of August did many waies weaken them — he fought with them every day and as often did beate them — our Captaines and, by their example (for it was otherwise painful) the common souldiers did cut down with their swords all the Rebels corne to the value often thousand pound and up- ward, the only means by which they ivere to live, and to keepe their Bonaghts (or hired souldiers).' — Moryson, Lrc- land anno 1600, p. 77.
' The Lord Deputy's journey into
the Queen's Co. in 1600.' — Vol. 601 of Carew MSS. 'Aug. 14. His Lordship left Sir J. FitzPiers and Sir H. Follyott with 400 men, "to fall into Leix another way that night for a prey; Aug. 15. Rory McRory with 100 Kerne skir- mished with them and they got no prey. The L. Deputy burned and spoiled Keating's country and the corn thereabouts." Aug. 16. He sent Sir O. Lambert with 600 foot who marched through the fastness of Slemarge, spoil- ing their plots of corn within the woods, burning their towns, with some skir- mish in the passes. His Lordship coasted along the plain " burning and spoiling likewise. At the river there were some skirmishes. Aug. 17. En- camped at Ferney Abbey. The army marching along the valley, the rebels coasted along the mountains. Divers of them came from the hill waving us to them with their swords, and calling us, as their manner is, with railing speeches." Aug. 18 and 19. The army passed to Kilgighy in Ossory, " all the way we burned all their houses in their fastnesses and woods." Aug. 22. We spoiled the corn about Teig Fitz- Patrick's Castle.' — Car. Cal., p. 432.
On the 5 th of Sep. the Deputy wrote to Carew : ' With 800 foot and 1 00 horse I entered Leixe, burned and spoiled all their towns and cut down their corn ; Owny McRory wrote to the Earl of Onnond desiring him " to stay this execrable and abominable
THE QUENES COUNTIE.
75
and hath on the one Side the River Barrow, and through a great part thereof the River Newer [N ore] well Sorted with plaines and Woods.0 This Countie being throughlie conquered by the Earle of Sussex was planted with a mixed people of Inglysh and Irish, and in the tyme of King Phillip and Quene Marie this Countrie was called by the name of the Quenes Countie, and the
course (for so he termed it) of cutting down green corn." On our return the rebels charging our men hotly were beaten back.' — Car. Cat.
Owny declared himself 'outraged by the abominable new device of Mount- joy, to cut down green corn wherever he goes — an execrable course and a bad example to all the world. The English had taught him bad lessons before, and as they do not mean to give over schooling him in bad actions, which he protests he loathes, he de- clares he will give over tillage and take to living on the tilling of others.'— See his letter published in Kilk. J. of Arch.
c There is in the Kilk. J. of Arch. a fac-simile of an ancient map of Leix, Ofaly, etc., which was made circ. 1563. It excels all other Irish maps in archaeo- logical interest — it exhibits the huge and wide mountains of Slievebloom and Slievecomar, the primeval forests, as 'the great wood;' the vast heaths and morasses as Frugh-more (the great heath of Maryborough) and part of the bog of Allen ; fort ' Protectour ' (now Maryborough) ; the old feudal for- tresses of Lea, Geashill, and Dunamase; smaller castellated houses of Celtic chiefs ; the smaller dwellings of the
bards, brehons, and physicians ; clus- ters of cabins ; considerable monas- teries such as Abbey-Leix, Killeigh, and Monasterevan ; a sprinkling of small churches ; and some evidences of an armed settlement as ' Castle Cosby,' ' Castle Pigot.' The sylvan condition of the land is remarkable ; the ' passes ' or rude roads through the bogs and these ' backwoods ' of the Pale are marked also. Finglas wrote in 1529 that among the most dangerous passes were ' two passes in Feemore {Fiadh-mor or great wood) in O'More's country.' In 1548 a pass in Leix was described as three miles long through a forest of great timber mingled with hazel ; and in a state paper we are told the Irish ' repute the great woods of oak no fastness, but the thyke woods of hassel and sallies they take for great assurance.' — Description of an Ancient Map of Leix by H. F. Hore, Esq.
Leis was divided into seven parts, the boundaries of which met at a stone called Leac-Riada, on the plain of Magh J?iada, now Morett ; these re- gions were under seven petty kings, who were subject to an Arch-King, called J?igh-J?iada, who resided at Dunamase.
76
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
chief Towne called Marieborroughe, as the next Countie was called by the name of Kings Countie and the chief Towne thereof called Phillipstowne. The new planted Inhabitants Hath bene so molested continuallie with the multitudes of the first Natives thereof, and the Omoores, and especially at this present, as that they have in a manner recovered the Countrie againe and Expelled all the Inglysh Inhabitants saving 3 or 4 which contayne themselves within their Castles till they be relieved from Ingl. These Omoores was almost extinct, but they have increased againe chieflie for lack of good Govern- ment/ and due observation of such Orders as were appointed
d This is unjust to the government of Sir H. Sydney, who thus tells us in his 'Memoir ' what he did to extinguish and extirpe the O' Mores : 'Rory Oge O'More was the sonne of another Rorye, chief of the O'M, and Captain of the country called Leish who mar- ried a daughter of the Earl of Ormond (and was first cousin of the tenth Earl). He called himself O'More. Against him in 1578 I advanced, being of horsemen and footmen a right good force ; but he would not abide me, nor I overtake him ; he carried away cap- tive, to my heart's grief, my lieutenant, Sir Harrie Harrington, my most dear sister's son. I made on him as actual and cunning a ?ca r re as I could; I besett his cabanish dwelling with good sol- diers and excellent good executioners ; he had within it twenty-six of his best men, his wife and his marcial's wief, and Cormac O'Connor, an ancient and rank rebel of long mentyned in Scot- land. All were killed, his wife and all
his men ; only there escaped himself and his marshall called Shane McRory Reagh, in trouth most miraculously, for they crept between the legs of the soldiers into the fastness of the plashes of trees. The soldiers saved the mar- shal's wife.' — Sydney.
As Shane O'Neill was subdued by the Scots, Desmond by Ormond, and the Kavanaghs by the Butlers, so were the O'Mores ruined by their neigh- bours and kinsmen, the McGillapatricks. 'Mc6illapatrick, Baron of Upper Ossory, my particular sworn brother,' says Sydney, ' was the faithfullest man for martial action that ever I found of that country. He followed O'More with great skill and cunning and with much or more courage assailed him and made the best fight with him that ever I heard of between Irishmen. Rory was killed by a household servant of the Baron's ; his marshall escaped, and the rebel's bodye, though dead was so well attended and carried away as it
THE QUENES COUNTIE.
77
to the Livetennants thereof by the Earle of Sussex, (To wit) that the Freeholders of this Countie, and the King's Countie be compelled to keep for their own defence the Horsemen and Footmen, which they are bound to keep by their Tenures, which if it had been put to Execution without any charge to the Ouene had bene able to have suppressed any power that the Rebells cou'd have raysed against them. The Capten of these Omoores at this present is one Orory McRorie — who is not able to make of himself above 160 or 180 Footemen ;e but when-
was the cause of the death of a good many men on both sides ; yet carried away it was.' — Sydney's Memoirs.
e When Owny captured Ormond on the ioth Apr. 1600, 'he had,' says Carew, ' 500 foot and 20 horse, the best furnished men for the war and the best apparelled that we have seen in this kingdom, whereof 300 were bonaghes.' — Carew to Privy Council, April 18, 1600. In April 1599, 'Owny with the rest of the Moores and their followers were 600, of whom 30 are horse.' — Car. Cal.
' The best service done at that time was the killing of Owny, a bloody and bold yong man, who had lately taken the Earl of Ormond prisoner and had made great stirres in Mounster. He was chief of the O'Mores and by his death they were so discouraged that they never after held up their heads. Also a bold bloody rebel Callogh Mac- Walter (O'More) was at the same time killed. ' — At or y son.
' Callogh McVValter, the most bloody rebel in Leinster, was killed in
helping of Owny ; after the skirmish, we heard that Owny, being mortally wounded, and fearing his head should come into the L. Deputy's hands, had willed it to be cut off and buried after his death, and he appointed Owny A'PShane to be O'Moore.' 'L. Mount- joy's Journey.' — Car. Cal. ' Uaitne, son of Rury Oge, son of Rury Caoch O'Moore, an illustrious, renowned and celebrated gentleman, by right the sole heir to his territory, had wrested the government of his patrimony by the prowess of his hand and the resolute- ness of his heart from the hands of foreigners, brought it under his own sway, and under the government of his stewards and bonnaghts according to Irish usage, so that there was not a vil- lage from one extremity of his patri- mony to the other which he had not in his possession except Port-Leix alone.' — Four Masters. According to Dym- 7110k, p. 32, 'Owny challenged Essex to fight 50 of his with 50 of ours with sworde and target which was consented to by the L. Lieutenant; but Owny
78
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
soever he inter) deth any Robberie or Spoyle he is assisted partlie with his Neighbours of the King's Countie the Oconnors partlie by Phelim McFeughe whose coosen germaine he is, and partlie by Capten Tyrrell who is readie with his Companie to assist ether the Omoores or the Oconnors or the Omelaghlanes for in any Sudden and present exployt. This Countie is bounded with the Countie of Kilkenny to the South, with Tipperairie to the West, with the Kings Countie and the mountaynes of Slewblowe to the North, and the River Barrow to the East. It is governed by Sr Vaughan S' Leger who hath a commission of Lieutenancy for the Countie. The chief Towne whereof is Marieborrow ruled by a Portrise, and wherein is a Fort garded with 150 Footmen or Sometymes 200, as need requireth, and some few Horsemen.
The chef Castles :f
The Quene's Fort
The Shyan
The Abbey of Lease
Stradbellie
Pallace
Dunas
Blackfort
Baleclockan
Disert
Balliadams
Principal Irysh Gentlemen ;s
Sir Henrie Power Lieutenant and constable of the Fort
never came to perform it.' — See about his fight with Essex at the Pass of the Plumes in O'Sullivan Beare's Historia Cath.
f ' Master Hartpol, Mr- Bowen and Mr Pygot were the only English in- habitants, by whom and some others certaine castles were kept for the Queen, besides the Fort of Maria- borough kept by the Queen's Garrison.'
' The English foote at Leax and the Barow side were Sir Warham S1, Leger 150 f, Sir F. Rush 150, Captaine John Fitz-Piers 150, and Mr- Hartpoole 10.' — Aforyson.
K Cosby (?) at Stradbally ; Cosby at Castle Dirrhy ; Harpoole of Coolbane- ghar, he is constable of Catherlagh Castle ; Bowen of BallyAdams ; Ed- ward Brierton of Laghtiog ; Pigotts of
THE QUENES COUNTIE.
79
Alexander Cosbie
William Harpole
Robert Bowen
Bruerton
Rob' Pio-grot of the desert
Young Davels
Barrington11
] of Ireland
Freeholders of the [ The Earle of Kildare The Barron of upper Ossyrrie' Pierce Butler Brother to the Earle of Ormond O Dunnek
Bryan McCalloghe McDonell,1 and many other inferior Free- holders.
Dysart ; John Barrington of Cowlniagh. Earl of Kildare at Moyrit and Tymog; Hovendon at Taukardstowne, Hether- ington at Tully, Sir Thos. Colclough of Ballyknockan, Loftus of Tymoghoe, Whytney of Shyan, Hugh Boy Clan Donnell of Tenne-Killeh ; Edmund MacDonell of Rhahin, Tirence O'Dempsey of Ballybrittas. — Car. Cal., p. r9i.
h In fighting with the O'Mores there fell, i°the son of Captain John Barring- ton, 2° Joseph Barrington, 30 Thomas Lighe, second husband of Mrs. Barring- ton.
' Florence FitzPatrick or Fineen MacGillapatrick, son of Brian, the first Baron. He and his father mainly con- tributed to ruin the O'Mores ; but his son Teig was opposed to the English.
■ — See Car. Cal. year 1600. O'Dugan says, ' MacGillapatric of the fine seat, noble fairfaced is the tribe of the resi- dence of the head chieftain.' Lord Castletown is descended of this family. k ' Over Ui-Rigan of heavy routs,
A vigorous tribe who conquer in battle,
Is O'Duinn, chief of demolition,
Hero of the golden battle spears.'
— O ' Huidhrin.
Iregan is co-extensive with the barony of Tinnahinch. General Fran- cis Dunn, M.P., is the head of the O'Dunnes of Iregan.
1 ' This county of Leax, lately all English is now usurped by O'More and all the sept of the O'Mores, and the chiefe of the galloglasses in that county of the sept of MacDonnell,
8o
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Ancient endwellersm The whole race of the Omoores were excluded from having residence here by act of Parliament An0 2° Phill. & maria.
use weapon or armor in serving of any other but her Majesty,' etc. — Sir E. Burrowes in Ulster J. of Arch.
About this time 1598 the castles and towns of Rahin and Derry, belonging to McEdmund McDonnell of Queen's Co., were forfeited and given to Sir R. Greame. In 1631 James MCD. got a patent of his estates of Tennekille in- cluding 30 townlands ; but was obliged to agree that 'his sons and servants shall use English dress and language, and he and they and all the males under their controul between the ages of 1 6 and 60 shall present themselves every year before the constable of Mary- borough and get their names inscribed.' In 1 64 1 James MCD. of Tenekille was a Confederate colonel.'— J. Huband Smith. The McDonnells are still found about Strahard and Portarlington, but as peasants and blacksmiths on the lands of their galloglas ancestors. — J. McGrady in No. 7 Ulst. J. of Arch.
mThe seven septs of Leix were the the O'Mores, O'Kellys, O'Lalors, O'Devoys, McEvoys, O'Dorans, and O'Dowlings. — See an account of them in C Byrne's History of Queen's County. From Ruary O'More, Prince of Leix in 1555, is descended the Right Hon. R. More-O'Ferrall of Balyna.
The names Cosby, Bowen, Fitz- Patrick, Butler, Dunne, and Lalor are still among the ' County Families.' — See Walford.
the sept of O'Dempsies (except Sir Terence O'Dempsey), the sept of O'Doyne, except Teig Oge O'Doyne.' — Moryson.
In Nos. 5 and 6 of the Ulster J. of Arch, there are interesting accounts of the McDonnells of Tennekille Castle by J. Huband Smith, Esq., and by Sir Erasmus Burrowes, Bart. From them we extract the following details : The Castle of Tennekille (teach mi coille or house of the wood) was built arc. 1450; it is remarkable for its skilful design, groined ceiling, and fin- ished execution ; a few patriarchs of the forest still remain, venerable com- panions of the old keep. In 1578 an agreement was entered into between the L. Deputy and ' the three chiefe Captains of the three septs of Clan- donnells of Leinster, her Majesty's Galloglas, viz. — Turlogh Oge McAlex- ander of Wicklow, M'Edmund McDon- nell of Rahin and Hugh Boy McDon- nell of Tennekille.' It was agreed that — ' In consideration of the auntient and continued fydelytie, loyaltye and true service of the Capitaynes, gent and septs of the said Clandonnills, the Bonaghts dead payes, and black-mail, heretofore levied, shall be commuted into a yearly pencon of ^300 to be paid out of her Majesty's exchequer, unto th' ands of the said three chief captains — Provided that henceforth none of the said Capitaynes . . . shall
THE KING S COUNTIE.
81
THE KING'S COUNTIE.
The Countie being in tymes past called Offalya was inhabited by the O'Connors, a wicked and Rebellious people, which for their sundrie Rebellions were by the Earle of Sussex in the tyme of Quene Marie banished and disinherited, their Countrie converted into Shyre ground and called the King's Countie,b and the chief Towne thereof called Phillipstowne appointed to be ruled by a portrise as Marieborroughe.
This Shyre contayneth all the Land between the Countie of Kildare and the River of Sheynen including all the Clonmillier or O'Dempsies Countrie on both sides of the Barrow also Galline
a ' King's County consisteth of Offaly lately possessed by the O'Connors ; Fercal of the O'Meloyes ; Moynter- tagan or Foxe's cuntrie possessed by the Foxes ; Delvin McCoghlan of the McCoghlans ; and that parcel of Glen- maliry possessed by the O'Demsies.' — Endorsement on Ancient Map of Idrone in the Rolls' House, London.
There is as much of O'Faley in Queen's Co. as in the King's Co. ; and the baronies of Garrycastle, Bally- cowan. Fercal, Clonlish and Ballybritt were never included in O'Faley.
Ui-Failghe, i.e., the descendants of Failghe, eldest son of Cathaoir Mor, in- habited originally the baronies of East and West Offaly in Kildare, of Portna- hinch and Tinnahinch in Queen's Co., and that part of King's Co. comprised in the diocese of Kildare and Leighlin.
The O'Conors were chiefs of this terri- tory till the reign of Philip and Mary, when they were dispossessed, and then the O'Dempsies became the most pow- erful families till the Revolution in 1688. — Note to Irish Topographical Poem. The 'Lords of Offaly, the land of Cattle, are not unknown to the poets, they spend their lands on knowledge ; O'Conor is the hero of the plain, on the green round hill of Cruachan.' — Top. Poem.
b ' O'Connor of Ofaly was the scourge of the Englishry,' from whose rich do- mains in Meath he levied a. ' black ' rent equivalent to j£,\ 0,000 a year [i.e., ,£300 at that time). His territory was ' the gall of the Pale,' ' the doore whereby myche warre and myschyff entered emong the subjects.' — Irish Archaol. Miscellany.
82 STATE OF IRELAND ANNO 1 598.
and ferecall, or Omeloyes Countrie the Shenaughe or O'Foxes Countrie and Delvin McCoghlane commonlie called McCoghlanes Countrie to the brink of the Sheynen nere Myllick. So it is bounded East with the Countie of Kildare, West with the Sheynen and with Westmeath, South with the Ouenes Countie and Slewblow and Elie or O'Carrells Countrie, and North with Meath there is no Towne in it but Phillipstowne.
Principall Castles The Fort called Dingan in Phillipstoune,
Croughan belonging to Sr Thomas Moore, Balliburlie, belonging to Sr George Cowlie, Baliburtane belonging to Sr Henrie
Warren, Munster-Oris, Castlejordan,
Eden Durick belonging to Sr Edw. Harbert.
Chief Gent.c The Earle of Kildare,
Sr George Bouchier, \ Sr Edward Moore, Con- stable of the Fort, Sr Henrie Warren, > Knights.
Sr Thomas Moore, Sr George Cowley, Sr Edward Herbert, Capten Brabazon's Sonnes, Sanchie, Tyrrell,
c Sir Henry Warren at Ballybrittan ; Sir John Tirrell at Blacklowne ; Francis
Sir Thomas Moore at Croghan ; Sir Herbert at Monaster-Orys ; Thomas
George Colly at Edenderrie ; Sir Edw. Wakeley at Ballyburley. '— Car. Cat.
Herbert at Dorrown ; Nicholas Sanky ; an. 1596.
THE KING S COUNTIE.
83
Of the Irysh Freeholders :d
Gerrot Fitzgerrald,
Thomas Fitzgerrald,
the Sonnes of Neall McGeogaghan,c
McCoyhlanf and his sept,
Omoloys and his sept,
d Garret FitzGerald at Corbetstown ; Redmond Og FitzG. at Clownebolche ; Wm- FitzG. at Geishell ; John Raynolds at Cloyduff ; Barnaby Connor at Derry- mollin. — Car. Cal.
e Mageoghegan's country of Kinalea (Cinel-Fiachach) originally extended from Birr in King's Co. to Uisnech in Westmeath; but subsequently the O'Molloys, a junior branch of the Cinal-Fiachach, asserted their sway over the southern portion. Mageo- ghan's territory was co-extensive with the barony of Moycashel. Of this race were R. Mageoghegan, the heroic de- fender of Dunboy in 1602, Connell M. of Lismoyny, who translated the Annals of Clonmacnoise in 1627, and the Abbe" M. who wrote the Histoire d'Jrlande. Sir R. Nagle inherited the property of the last chieftain, from whom he was maternally descended. — O'D. Note to Top. Poem.
' The manly sept, the illustrious Clan Geoghagan, host of the girdles, comely their complexion.' — O 'Dugan.
' ' John MacCoghlan of Coghlan.' — Car. Cal.
' MacCochlan whose children are beauteous to behold, King of Dealbhna- Eathra.' — 0' Dugan. His territory com-
prised the present barony of Garrycastle, except the parish of Lusmagh. The family retained their territory till this century when they were succeeded by the O'Dalys and Armstrongs, who are descended maternally from the Mac- Cochlans. Mr. Coghlan of Castlebar is head of one of the most respectable families of this stock. — 0' Donovan's Notes to O' Daly's Tribes of Ireland. About 1249 Conor M'Coghlan of the Castles was 'a great destroyer of the English.'
s ' Connell O'Moloy of Ralyhen'— Car. Cal. O'Molloy's territory com- prised the baronies of Fircal or Eglish, Ballycown and Ballyboy. ' O'Mulloy King of Feara-Ceall of ancient swords, noble the surname ; every sword was tried by him.' The head of the sept in 1588 was Connell son of Caher, whose grandson was Chief in 1677. D. Molloy, Esq., of Clonbela, Birr, is supposed to be the present repre- sentative of the family.— O' Donovan.
' When Calais was taken, I during the Christmas holidays upon a sudden invaded Fyrcal, or O'Molloys country, burned and wasted the same ; on my return was fought with by the O'Conors, O'Mores, and O'Molloy, and the people
84
STATE OF IRELAND ANNO I 598.
Odempsieh and his sept, OFoxe' and his sept,
of Mackgochigan, albeit he was with me in person in that skirmish ; I received in a freize jerkin (though armed under it) four or five Irish ar- rows.'— Lord Deputy Sydney's Memoir.
'On the 10th of March 1596, my Lord Deputy (Russell) went from Durrough to Rathmagolduld